Developing a Low‐Cost Technique for Parallel Cross‐Cultural Instrument Development: The Question Appraisal System (QAS‐04)

Abstract

Nutzungsbedingungen:Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine Weiterverbreitung -keine Bearbeitung) The Question Appraisal System (QAS-04) ELIZABETH DEAN, RACHEL CASPAR, GEORGINA MCAVINCHEY, LETICIA REED & ROSANNA QUIROZany approaches are used to prepare instruments for multicultural administration, depending on the scope, schedule and budget of the study. Sequential questionnaire development, the most common approach to developing cross-cultural instruments, is also the most affordable. Designers formulate and pretest an instrument in the source language, then translate it into the target language(s) using culture-specific tailoring. In contrast, parallel development incorporates target cultures throughout the design and pretesting process. The disadvantages to parallel development are that it is expensive, timeconsuming, and subject to version control problems. The Question Appraisal System (QAS) is a coding tool for pretesting instruments (Willis & Lessler, 1999). The QAS is supported by an item taxonomy of the cognitive demands of a question and documents the features that may lead to response error. Results of the appraisal are used to revise question wording, response wording, questionnaire format, and question ordering. This paper describes research conducted to update the QAS to identify problems due to cross-cultural and cross-linguistic application of questions.

Diffusion of Innovations and Labor Market Challenges: A Multiple Case Study from Angola

“…But considering the different measurement approaches and the question developed in relation to the study topic, it was of paramount importance that all the responses were examined together with the selection of participants. Utilizing instruments for a specific population subgroup requires consideration of culture and language, cognitive demands, and potential response errors (Dean, Caspar, McAvinchey, Reed, & Quiroz, 2007). Instrumentation utilized in any social research must also be aligned with the purpose of the research study to contribute original data to the study's conceptual framework.…”

Translating questionnaires for cross-national surveys: A description of a genre and its particularities based on the ISO 17100 categorization of translator competences

“…Instrumentally translated questionnaires are all questionnaires that will eventually collect data. If a source questionnaire is the result of a careful questionnaire development phase that includes different layers of intercultural input (Dean, Caspar, McAvinchey, Reed, & Quiroz, 2007;Smith, 2003) 8 , such a questionnaire is often submitted for translation rather than adaptation. Adaptations, understood as intentional deviations that go beyond linguistic changes, are typically earmarked (e.g., for questions on education or the political party system in a country) or only allowed upon request (scenario I).…”

Translation of country-specific programs and survey error: Measuring the education level of immigrants

“…When measuring across different cultural and linguistic groups, translation quality and methods are of key importance. Much of the translation literature in the field of survey methodology focuses on recommended steps in the development of a survey instrument and its translation(s) (Dean, Caspar, McAvinchey, Reed, & Quiroz, 2007;Harkness, 2003;Harkness, Villar, & Edwards, 2010;Pan, 2009;Potaka & Cochrane, 2004;Schoua-Glusberg & Villar, 2014). Many researchers emphasize the importance of instrument adaptation, which includes tailoring instruments to fit culture-specific concepts in target populations, such as use of preferred terms, use of unambiguous concepts, and use of culturally relevant examples (Dean et al, 2007;Harkness et al, 2010;Hunt & Bopal, 2004;Mohler, Dorer, de Jong, & Hu, 2016).…”

“…Much of the translation literature in the field of survey methodology focuses on recommended steps in the development of a survey instrument and its translation(s) (Dean, Caspar, McAvinchey, Reed, & Quiroz, 2007;Harkness, 2003;Harkness, Villar, & Edwards, 2010;Pan, 2009;Potaka & Cochrane, 2004;Schoua-Glusberg & Villar, 2014). Many researchers emphasize the importance of instrument adaptation, which includes tailoring instruments to fit culture-specific concepts in target populations, such as use of preferred terms, use of unambiguous concepts, and use of culturally relevant examples (Dean et al, 2007;Harkness et al, 2010;Hunt & Bopal, 2004;Mohler, Dorer, de Jong, & Hu, 2016). There may be terms or concepts that do not exist in respondents' countries of origin and researchers should address this possibility during instrument development (Behr & Shishido, 2016;Goerman, 2010;Schoua-Glusberg et al, 2008;Schoua-Glusberg & Villar, 2014).…”