Developing a hippocampal neural prosthetic to facilitate human memory encoding and recall

Hampson, Robert E.; Song, Dong; Robinson, Brian S.; Fetterhoff, Dustin; Dakos, Alexander S; Roeder, Brent M; She, Xiwei; Wicks, Robert T.; Witcher, Mark R.; Couture, Daniel E.; Laxton, Adrian W.; Munger-Clary, Heidi; Popli, Gautam; Sollman, Myriam; Whitlow, Christopher T.; Marmarelis, Vasilis Z.; Berger, Theodore W.; Deadwyler, Sam A.

doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aaaed7

Cited by 150 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previous work has suggested that tACS might exert two broad classes of influences on neural activity: changes in firing rate (25,26) and changes in spike timing (27,28). To investigate these possible effects, we applied tACS through the scalps of two macaque monkeys while recording single-unit activity from the hippocampus, a popular target in rodent (15,29) and slice studies (30), as well as a frequent target for invasive stimulation in humans (31)(32)(33)(34)(35). We also recorded from neurons in the nearby basal ganglia (BG), which is similarly of interest as a therapeutic target for brain stimulation (36,37).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We focused on the HC and BG because they are appealing targets for translational research. Deep brain stimulation of the BG is already a routine treatment for several conditions, and there is some evidence for a role of invasive stimulation of the HC in memory enhancement (31). From a technical standpoint, the HC may be a particularly challenging test bed for neurostimulation because it has strong endogenous oscillations that generate their own electric fields (70).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcranial alternating current stimulation entrains single-neuron activity in the primate brain

Krause

Vieira

Csorba

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

232

248

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Spike timing is thought to play a critical role in neural computation and communication. Methods for adjusting spike timing are therefore of great interest to researchers and clinicians alike. Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a noninvasive technique that uses weak electric fields to manipulate brain activity. Early results have suggested that this technique can improve subjects' behavioral performance on a wide range of tasks and ameliorate some clinical conditions. Nevertheless, considerable skepticism remains about its efficacy, especially because the electric fields reaching the brain during tES are small, whereas the likelihood of indirect effects is large. Our understanding of its effects in humans is largely based on extrapolations from simple model systems and indirect measures of neural activity. As a result, fundamental questions remain about whether and how tES can influence neuronal activity in the human brain. Here, we demonstrate that tES, as typically applied to humans, affects the firing patterns of individual neurons in alert nonhuman primates, which are the best available animal model for the human brain. Specifically, tES consistently influences the timing, but not the rate, of spiking activity within the targeted brain region. Such effects are frequency-and location-specific and can reach deep brain structures; control experiments show that they cannot be explained by sensory stimulation or other indirect influences. These data thus provide a strong mechanistic rationale for the use of tES in humans and will help guide the development of future tES applications. tES | tACS | transcranial alternating current stimulation | spike timing | phase-locking

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial alternating current stimulation entrains single-neuron activity in the primate brain

Krause

Vieira

Csorba

et al. 2019

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

232

248

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Initial investigations highlight the feasibility of decoding aspects of memory from sEEG recordings (Song et al, 2016(Song et al, , 2017. Hampson et al (2018) extended these findings and demonstrated that the typical activity pattern during successful memory encoding could also be used in stimulation to increase memory performance.…”

Section: Passive Bcimentioning

confidence: 92%

The Potential of Stereotactic-EEG for Brain-Computer Interfaces: Current Progress and Future Directions

2020

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Stereotactic electroencephalogaphy (sEEG) utilizes localized, penetrating depth electrodes to measure electrophysiological brain activity. It is most commonly used in the identification of epileptogenic zones in cases of refractory epilepsy. The implanted electrodes generally provide a sparse sampling of a unique set of brain regions including deeper brain structures such as hippocampus, amygdala and insula that cannot be captured by superficial measurement modalities such as electrocorticography (ECoG). Despite the overlapping clinical application and recent progress in decoding of ECoG for Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs), sEEG has thus far received comparatively little attention for BCI decoding. Additionally, the success of the related deep-brain stimulation (DBS) implants bodes well for the potential for chronic sEEG applications. This article provides an overview of sEEG technology, BCI-related research, and prospective future directions of sEEG for long-term BCI applications.

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“…A programmable hippocampal neural network integrated circuit is a core module of the prosthesis that converts short-term memory into longterm memory. This conversion, that is the fundamental step during the learning process, is based on a mathematical model of processes by which the hippocampal CA3 and CA1 regions encode memory items via spatiotemporal neural encoding of short-term memory [87]. The programmable hippocampal neural network integrated circuit has been recently fabricated in 40 nm technology with a core area of 0.122 mm 2 and test power of 84.4 µW [88].…”

Section: A State-of-the-artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Communication Engineering for Future Cognitive Brain–Machine Interfaces

Veletić

Balasingham

2019

Proc. IEEE

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Disease-affected nervous systems exhibit anatomical or physiological impairments that degrade processing, transfer, storage, and retrieval of neural information leading to physical or intellectual disabilities. Brain implants may potentially promote clinical means for detecting and treating neurological symptoms by establishing direct communication between the nervous and artificial systems. Current technology can modify neural function at the supracellular level as in Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and depression. However, recent advances in nanotechnology, nanomaterials, and molecular communications have the potential to enable brain implants to preserve the neural function at the subcellular level which could increase effectiveness, decrease energy consumption, and make the leadless devices chargeable from outside the body or by utilizing the body's own energy sources. In this study, we focus on understanding the principles of elemental processes in synapses to enable diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases with pathological conditions using biomimetic synaptically interactive brain-machine interfaces. First, we provide an overview of the synaptic communication system, followed by an outline of brain diseases that promote dysfunction in the synaptic communication system. We then discuss technologies for brain implants and propose future directions for the design and fabrication of cognitive brain-machine interfaces. The overarching goal of this paper is to summarize the status of engineering research at the interface between technology and the nervous system and direct the ongoing research towards the point where synaptically interactive brain-machine interfaces can be embedded in the nervous system.

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Developing a hippocampal neural prosthetic to facilitate human memory encoding and recall

Abstract: These results demonstrate the facilitation of memory encoding which is an important feature for the construction of an implantable neural prosthetic to improve human memory.

Cited by 150 publications

References 28 publications

Transcranial alternating current stimulation entrains single-neuron activity in the primate brain

Transcranial alternating current stimulation entrains single-neuron activity in the primate brain

The Potential of Stereotactic-EEG for Brain-Computer Interfaces: Current Progress and Future Directions

Synaptic Communication Engineering for Future Cognitive Brain–Machine Interfaces

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