Developing a Data Model of Indoor Points of Interest to Support Location-Based Services

Abstract

Focus on indoor spatial applications has been rising with the growing interest in indoor spaces. Along with the widespread use of mobile devices and the internet, it has increased demands for indoor location-based services (LBS), demanding more efficient representation and management of indoor spatial data. Indoor points of interest (Indoor POI) data, representing both spaces and facilities located indoors, provide the infrastructure for these services. These datasets are vital in delivering timely and accurate information to users, such as in cases of managing indoor facilities. However, even though there are studies that explore its use across applications and efforts exerted towards the standardization of the data model, most POI development studies have focused on the outdoors and remain underdeveloped in the indoors. In this paper, we propose a spatial-temporal Indoor POI data model to provide direction for the establishment of indoor POI data and to address limitations in currently available data specifications. By exploring how different Indoor POIs are from its outdoor counterparts, particularly on extending its outdoor counterparts’ functions on searching, sharing, and labeling, we describe the data model and its components using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). We perform an SQL-based query experiment to demonstrate the potential use of the data model using sample data.

Navigation network derivation for QR code‐based indoor pedestrian path planning

“…Definitions of the five categories are as follows: Room‐like space: This category includes all the indoor spaces that are similar to rooms, which connect to the corridor or other room‐like spaces through doors or openings, such as a room, lift, stair, escalator, etc. Corridor: Corridors are the passageways in indoor scenes, such as a hotel or office building, from which doors lead into rooms. Atrium: Atriums are defined as large open spaces within buildings (e.g., the open space in a shopping mall in Figure 3). They are often several stories high and have a glazed roof or large windows, and located immediately beyond the main entrance doors (in the lobby). Indoor POIs: An indoor POI is a location in indoor space where information regarding a particular place, service, facility, or event is available, in contrast to traditional POIs located in outdoor environments (Claridades & Lee, 2020). Indoor POIs are necessary to support various indoor applications and services, including route navigation, facility management, and evacuation simulation.…”

“…• Indoor POIs: An indoor POI is a location in indoor space where information regarding a particular place, service, facility, or event is available, in contrast to traditional POIs located in outdoor environments (Claridades & Lee, 2020). Indoor POIs are necessary to support various indoor applications and services, including route navigation, facility management, and evacuation simulation.…”

An Adaptive Location-Based Tracking Algorithm Using Wireless Sensor Network for Smart Factory Environment

“…Of course, locationbased service technology is very important at this point because it can effectively provide accurate equipment information. Location-based services (LBSs) have been widely applied in warehouse management, transportation, personnel tracking, and medical care [5,6].…”