Deutung der ursachen der interkristallinen korrosion von nichtrostenden stählen in zusammenhang mit der chromverarmungstheorie

Bäumel, Anton; Bühler, Hans‐Eugen; Schüller, Hans-Jürgen; Schwaab, Paul; Schwenk, W.; Ternes, Helmut; Zitter, Herbert

doi:10.1016/0010-938x(64)90010-1

Cited by 54 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the corrosion resistance of the matrix far away from the carbides is slightly decreasing, leading to a lower overall corrosion resistance in this range of tempering temperatures. In general, this explanation is in good agreement with the common Cr‐depletion theory . This view can be supported by the SEM images in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Corrosion properties of a complex multi‐phase martensitic stainless steel depending on the tempering temperature

Seifert

Wieskämper

Tonfeld

et al. 2015

Materials & Corrosion

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In this work, the corrosion resistance of X190CrVMo20‐4‐1 martensitic stainless steel and the hardness are correlated with the tempering temperature. The steel was hardened from a typical austenitisation temperature, quenched in oil and tempered up to 600 °C. The corrosion resistance was investigated by means of electrochemical tests, in both 5% sulphuric acid and in 3% sodium chloride. Static immersion tests were performed in H2SO4 only. The best compromise for a high hardness and corrosion resistance is found for tempering between 100 and 200 °C. The data obtained can be used for designing and application of this steel.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Corrosion properties of a complex multi‐phase martensitic stainless steel depending on the tempering temperature

Seifert

Wieskämper

Tonfeld

et al. 2015

Materials & Corrosion

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“…The other important aspect, which is evident from Figures 1(b) and (c), is that prior cold deformation promotes self-healing or desensitization, a phenomenon in sensitized steels whereby it regains its corrosion resistance. This is brought about by the competition between chromium and carbon diffusion [19,20,21] and is discussed in detail in 'Discussion' section. At the lowest sensitization temperature of 500°C, desensitization was not observed.…”

Section: A Degree Of Sensitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of cold working on sensitization and intergranular corrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel

Singh

Chattoraj

Kumar

et al. 2003

Metall Mater Trans A

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The effects of prior cold rolling of up to an 80 pct reduction in thickness on the sensitizationdesensitization behavior of Type AISI 304 stainless steel and its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion have been studied by electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (EPR) and Strauss-test methods.The results indicate that the prior deformation accelerated the sensitization as compared to the undeformed stainless steel. The deformed Type 304 stainless steel experienced desensitization at higher temperatures and times, and it was found to be enhanced by increased cold deformation. This could be attributed to the increased long-range chromium diffusion, possibly brought on by increasing pipe diffusion and vacancies. The role of the deformation-induced martensite (DIM) and texture, introduced by uniaxial cold rolling, on the sensitization-desensitization kinetics has also been discussed. This study could not reveal any systematic relationship between texture and the degree of sensitization (DOS) obtained. The effect of DIM on DOS seems to be pronounced at 500°C when the steel retained significant amounts of DIM; however, the retained DIM is insignificant at higher sensitization times and temperatures.

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“…Durch eine Warmebehandlung im Temperaturbereich zwischen 450 und 800°C werden in nichtrostenden Chrom-Nickel-StBhlen chromreiche Carbide vom Typ M&, an den Korngrenzen ausgeschieden, wobei die korngrenzennahen Bereiche eine Chromverarmung erfahren (1). Nach alteren Vorstellungen ( 2 ) verlaufi der Mechanismus der interkristallinen Korrosion hierbei so, dai3 die korngrenzennahen Bereiche im Angriffsmedium aktiv werden, wahrend die nichtverarmten Kornflachen passiv bleiben.…”

Section: Klassischer Kornzerfallunclassified

Korrosionselemente durch Gefügeheterogenität in nichtrostenden Chrom‐Nickel‐Stählen

Bühler

1966

Materials & Corrosion

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Umwandlungs‐ und Ausscheidungsvorgänge in austenitischen Chrom‐Nickel‐Stählen können Ursache für die Ausbildung von Korrosionselementen sein. Beispiele sind die interkristalline Korrosion und die selektive Martensitkorrosion. Die interkristalline Korrosion beruht auf einer Änderung der elektrochemischen Eigenschaften korngrenzennaher Bereiche durch Chromverarmung. Dieser „Klassische Kornzerfall”︁ findet in mehr oder weniger starkem Ausmaß bei allen Potentialen statt. In austenitischen Chrom‐Nickel‐Stählen kann als Folge der Chromverarmung, durch Abkühlen auf tiefe Temperaturen oder durch Kaltverformung eine kubisch raumzentrierte α′‐Phase (Martensit) gebildet werden. Diese erfährt lediglich bei Potentialen, die der ansteigenden Stromdichte‐Potential‐Kurve im Aktivbereich zugeordnet sind, eine selektive Korrosion. Sowohl bei der interkristallinen Korrosion als auch bei der selektiven Marrensit‐Korrosion werden Lokalanoden gelöst. Im Transpassivzustand tritt auch bei lösungsgeglühten Proben bevorzugter Korngrenzenangriff auf. Dieser Angriff wird durch Carbidausscheidungen verstärkt. Mit der Ausscheidungsglühung werden gleichzeitig Kathoden gebildet, die bei der Korrosion in Redoxsystemen, z. B. Werkstoffe und Korrosion Huey‐Test eine Polarisation in den Kornzerfallsbereichen bewirken. In diesem Falle sind also nicht notwendig Lokalanoden, sondern indirekt auch Lokalkathoden für einen Korngrenzenangriff verantwortlich.

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Deutung der ursachen der interkristallinen korrosion von nichtrostenden stählen in zusammenhang mit der chromverarmungstheorie

Cited by 54 publications

References 18 publications

Corrosion properties of a complex multi‐phase martensitic stainless steel depending on the tempering temperature

Corrosion properties of a complex multi‐phase martensitic stainless steel depending on the tempering temperature

The effects of cold working on sensitization and intergranular corrosion behavior of AISI 304 stainless steel

Korrosionselemente durch Gefügeheterogenität in nichtrostenden Chrom‐Nickel‐Stählen

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