Deuteron Disintegration by Au, Rh, Cu, and C from 8 to 15 MeV

Abstract

Deuteron disintegration by Au, Rh, Cu, and C has been studied with a p-n correlation technique. In all targets, the neutrons tend to go predominantly in the forward direction. For heavier targets and lower deuteron energies, the protons are emitted predominantly on the same side of the beam as the neutrons and at larger angles (although there is a small secondary peak on the opposite side of the beam), while for lighter targets and higher deuteron energies, they are emitted predominantly on the opposite side of the beam from the neutrons. From this it is surmised that the former behavior characterizes a breakup by the Coulomb force, while the latter behavior characterizes a breakup by the nuclear force; this conclusion is supported by theoretical estimates. From the energy sharing between neutrons and protons, the average radius at which breakup occurs is determined; as expected, it is much larger for Coulomb than for nuclear breakup, but in all cases it is more than twice as large as the usual ''nuclear radius."

The88Sr(d, n∼p)88Sr reaction

“…1 shows a typical spectrum at 7.7 MeV and 170 ~ Only a few relevant peaks are labelled in the figure, though other peaks seen were identified. The IAS decay protons are seen, as expected, to sit on the high-energy shoulder of a proton continuum [18]. At each energy, a fit was made by hand to this continuum, in order to extract the p group.…”

Creation and characterization of free-standing cryogenic targets for laser-driven ion acceleration

“…The socalled deuteron breakup produces a strong forward component in the neutron emission so that a directed neutron beam is possible. 17,18…”

Neutron beams from deuteron breakup at the 88-Inch cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

“…Several early experiments [18][19][20] studied the breakup process at low energies (E d = 8-17 MeV) on a range of heavy targets. By measuring the energy and angle of the proton in coincidence with neutrons, it was determined that breakup occurred well outside of the nuclear radius.…”