Deuterium diffusion and trapping in hydrothermally grown single crystalline ZnO

Abstract

Articles you may be interested inEffect of implanted species on thermal evolution of ion-induced defects in ZnO Photoluminescence, morphology, and structure of hydrothermal ZnO implanted at room temperature with 60 keV Sn+ ions

H passivation of Li on Zn-site in ZnO: Positron annihilation spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry

“…9 For sample A-1, an average lifetime τ ave of 187 ps is recorded, consistent with that typically found for as-grown (Li-rich) HT ZnO. 16 However, for sample A-3 (Li rich, hydrogenated) τ ave is reduced to 176-177 ps, similar to that for sample B-1 (Li poor, not hydrogenated), while for sample B-3 τ ave is even further reduced to 171 ps, close to the bulk value of ∼170 ps (τ B ) for ZnO.…”

“…6,7 H is a relatively fast diffuser exhibiting an activation energy in the range of 0.8-0.9 eV. 8,9 Less is known about Li diffusion. However, an early study by Lander 10 suggests an activation energy of 1 eV for migration of Li i .…”

Metastable state of theVZnH2defect in ZnO

“…8,20,27 Typically, the activation energy of the deuterium motion is found to be somewhat higher than that of hydrogen, which results from the difference in the zero-point energy of the O-H and O-D species. We found that in the case of V Zn H 2 , thermal equilibrium between V Zn H 2 and V Zn H * 2 is reached already at room temperature, which complicates the process of generating a stable nonequilibrium distribution between the ground and metastable states of V Zn H 2 .…”

“…18 Contrary to that, isolated hydrogen is preferentially located at the bond-centered lattice site oriented along the c axis (H BC ) and gives rise to a shallow donor level positioned at 53 meV from the bottom of the conduction band. 8 The high mobility of isolated hydrogen at room temperature 19,20 and the Coulomb attraction between H + BC and V 2− Zn results in the formation of V Zn H n complexes. 21 In particular, recent IR absorption studies suggest that V Zn H acts as a deep acceptor in ZnO and gives rise to the 3326 and 3358 cm −1 local vibrational modes (LVMs) assigned to the negative and the neutral charge states of the defect, respectively.…”

1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of distinct interstitial hydrogen dynamics in ZnO

“…Despite the theoretical elucidation of the distinct interstitial hydrogen motions in the ZnO system, it is to be noted that the activation energies for the reorientational and hopping motions are yet to be obtained in a distinct manner [5,[9][10][11][12][13]. NMR is the most powerful tool to directly investigate the structural and dynamical properties of protons in various solids including the ZnO systems [5,[14][15][16].…”