Deuterium content of natural waters and other substances

Friedman, Irving

doi:10.1016/0016-7037(53)90066-0

Cited by 604 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

190

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The uncertainties were less than 3% for the former and less than 2% for the latter. We used Zn reduction (Friedman 1953;Coleman et al 1982;Kendall and Coplen 1985) and the CO 2 equilibrium method (Cohn and Urey 1938;Epstein and Mayeda 1953) to collect the hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases from these samples and analyzed them using the Finnigan Delta Plus-Mass Spectrometer of this department with precisions of about 0.1‰ for the oxygen isotopes and 1‰ for the hydrogen isotopes, respectively. In addition, the sample is acidified and then the dissolved sulfate is precipitated by adding BaCl 2 , as barium sulfate (BaSO 4 ) (Yanagisawa and Sakai 1983).…”

Section: Sampling and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Origins of Hot Springs in the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

Liu¹,

Song²,

Chen³

et al. 2011

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper systematically surveyed distribution and field occurrences of 13 hot springs as well as geochemical investigation on the geothermal area of the Tatun Volcano Group (TVG). According to Piper diagrams, pH values, field occurrences and water-rock interactions, these hot springs can be classified into three types: (1) Type I, SO 4 2-acidic water where the reservoir is located in the Wuchishan Formation; (2) Type II, HCO 3 -a near neutral spring where waters originate from the volcanic terrane (andesite); and (3) Type III, Cl --rich acidic water where waters emanate from shallower Wuchishan Formation. In terms of isotopic ratio, δD and δ 18O values, two groups of hot spring can be recognized. One is far away from the meteoric water line of the Tatun area with values ranging between -26.2‰ and -3.5‰, and from -3.2‰ to 1.6‰, respectively. However, another close to the meteoric water line of the Tatun area is between -28.4‰ and -13.6‰, and from -5.5‰ to -4.2‰, respectively. In addition, the δ 34 S value of thermal waters can also be distinguished into two groups, one ranging from 26.1‰ to 28.5‰, and the other between 0.8‰ and 7.8‰. Based on field occurrences and geochemical characteristics, a model has been proposed to illustrate the origin of these hot springs.

show abstract

Section: Sampling and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Origins of Hot Springs in the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

Liu¹,

Song²,

Chen³

et al. 2011

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In all known lipid biosynthesis pathways, hydrogen from water is incorporated during the reductive steps of fatty acids synthesis (31)(32)(33). Interestingly, deuterium (D) can be used in lieu of hydrogen (H) during lipid biosynthesis, leading to deuterated lipids of active microbial community members after incubation with heavy water [in natural waters, the concentration of deuterium relative to hydrogen is at very low levels of ∼0.0156% (34)]. This effect has been exploited on the bulk level to monitor lipid biosynthesis of microbes in the environment (35,36).…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking heavy water (D ₂ O) incorporation for identifying and sorting active microbial cells

Berry

Mader

Lee

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

369

512

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microbial communities are essential to the function of virtually all ecosystems and eukaryotes, including humans. However, it is still a major challenge to identify microbial cells active under natural conditions in complex systems. In this study, we developed a new method to identify and sort active microbes on the single-cell level in complex samples using stable isotope probing with heavy water (D 2 O) combined with Raman microspectroscopy. Incorporation of D 2 O-derived D into the biomass of autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria and archaea could be unambiguously detected via C-D signature peaks in single-cell Raman spectra, and the obtained labeling pattern was confirmed by nanoscaleresolution secondary ion MS. In fast-growing Escherichia coli cells, label detection was already possible after 20 min. For functional analyses of microbial communities, the detection of D incorporation from D 2 O in individual microbial cells via Raman microspectroscopy can be directly combined with FISH for the identification of active microbes. Applying this approach to mouse cecal microbiota revealed that the host-compound foragers Akkermansia muciniphila and Bacteroides acidifaciens exhibited distinctive response patterns to amendments of mucin and sugars. By Ramanbased cell sorting of active (deuterated) cells with optical tweezers and subsequent multiple displacement amplification and DNA sequencing, novel cecal microbes stimulated by mucin and/ or glucosamine were identified, demonstrating the potential of the nondestructive D 2 O-Raman approach for targeted sorting of microbial cells with defined functional properties for singlecell genomics.ecophysiology | single-cell microbiology | carbohydrate utilization | nitrifier | Raman microspectroscopy M icroorganisms play a vital role in many environments. They mediate global biogeochemical cycles, catalyze biotechnological processes, and contribute to health and disease in the human body. The in situ study of microbial activity in natural and engineered ecosystems is therefore of great interest. For this purpose, several elegant methods have been established that use either transcriptional or translational activity of community members (i.e., metatranscriptomics, metaproteomics) (1-3) or the incorporation of isotopically labeled substrates into biomolecules (4-10) to infer the ecophysiology of microbes in such systems. However, these bulk techniques do not offer sufficient spatial resolution to study microbial activities at the micrometer scale. Therefore, important information can be overlooked because microbial communities are frequently spatially structured (e.g., biofilms) (11) and contain populations with life cycles (12,13). Furthermore, even apparently identical cells in clonal populations can have strongly divergent activities (14).Consequently, microbial ecophysiology is ideally studied also at the level of the single cell, but only a restricted number of approaches exist for determining physiological properties of individual cells in a microbial community. For exa...

show abstract

“…More isotopically depleted values are found with increasing distance from oceans, and in arctic air masses (Epstein and Mayeda, 1953;Friedman, 1953, Craig, 1963. Air masses moving from the gulf of Mexico northward to the continental U.S. are isotopically enriched compared with arctic air masses moving southward.…”

Section: Magnesiuni To Calcium Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 98%

Insights into quick flow in a karst aquifer: Usefulness of infrequently collected geochemical data from wells

Shevenell¹

1994

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Deuterium content of natural waters and other substances

Cited by 604 publications

References 8 publications

Characteristics and Origins of Hot Springs in the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

Characteristics and Origins of Hot Springs in the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

Tracking heavy water (D ₂ O) incorporation for identifying and sorting active microbial cells

Insights into quick flow in a karst aquifer: Usefulness of infrequently collected geochemical data from wells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Deuterium content of natural waters and other substances

Cited by 604 publications

References 8 publications

Characteristics and Origins of Hot Springs in the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

Characteristics and Origins of Hot Springs in the Tatun Volcano Group in Northern Taiwan

Tracking heavy water (D 2 O) incorporation for identifying and sorting active microbial cells

Insights into quick flow in a karst aquifer: Usefulness of infrequently collected geochemical data from wells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Tracking heavy water (D ₂ O) incorporation for identifying and sorting active microbial cells