Deuil, commémoration, justice dans les contextes Rwandais et Belge

Lame, Danielle de

doi:10.3917/polaf.092.0039

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…the politics of memory) (see, e.g. Brandstetter, 2010;Buckley-Zistel, 2006;De Lame, 2003;Longman, 2017;Vidal, 2001). The particular way of memorialising the dead in Rwanda has been heavily criticised for being at odds with Rwandan culture and for the danger of re-traumatisation (Cook, 2006;Guyer, 2009;Lemarchand, 2009).…”

Section: Of Other Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Of other times: Temporality, memory and trauma in post-genocide Rwanda

Viebach

2019

International Review of Victimology

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This article explores how survivors’ experiences of extreme violence change their relationship with time. It draws on extensive fieldwork undertaken with survivors of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi and participatory observation of Rwanda’s annual commemoration ceremonies. It focuses on the practice of ‘care-taking’ that survivors engage in at genocide memorials that display human remains and dead bodies. This article identifies the different temporal practices that survivors use to help remake their worlds after the 1994 Genocide. In doing so, it asks: how do survivors construct time through informal mnemonic practices? How do they experience time during the commemoration? And what mode of temporality is inscribed in the materiality of memorials? The article demonstrates that care-taking and imagination produce a symbolic time-reversal, whereas the materiality of the memorial sites preserves the past in the present. The commemoration constructs different temporal logics, such as time homogenisation and a traumatic cyclicalisation, something I describe through the notion of ‘trauma-time’. The article concludes that multiple temporalities are produced and reproduced in various attempts to remake lives after genocide that counter simplistic ‘before and after’ accounts of time dominant in the transitional justice discourse.

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Section: Of Other Timesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Of other times: Temporality, memory and trauma in post-genocide Rwanda

Viebach

2019

International Review of Victimology

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“…È in questo contesto di sconvolgimento generale che occorre «situare la politica della memoria collettiva ma anche le possibilità o le difficoltà di espressione di una memoria individuale o familiare» [Kagabo 2014, 10]. Per restare quindi nell'oggetto di questo nostro articolo non possiamo non soffermarci sul fatto che negli ultimi venti anni quelle che possiamo definire come "politiche memoriali", peraltro già molto criticate da alcuni autori/trici [Vidal 1999, De Lame 2010/ Vidal 2004De Lame 2003o 2004 abbiano caratterizzato l'azione dello Stato. Questa ha operato ri-costruzioni di storia e memorie, che sono divenute progressivamente un oggetto di appropriazione politica e di risignificazione in termini di "memoria pubblica" [Candau 1996].…”

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Memorie vs memoriali: conflitti di attestazione e territori del trauma nel Rwanda del post-genocidio

Fusaschi¹,

Pompeo²

2018

Storicamente

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Based on ethnographic research in post-genocide Rwanda, this article analyzes two different approaches to the Politics of Memory in Rwanda: the "living memory" in the José Kagabo's experience and the "duty of memory " in the official memorializations. The institutionalization of the rwandan memorial sites provides a narrative of the massacres through the places, showing limits and contradictions about of a new national story telling. Je propose d'ores et déjà un thème: la fabrique du témoin et les usages du témoignage José Kagabo Premessa Mettere insieme memorie e memoriali connessi alla tragica esperienza del genocidio dei rwandesi tutsi del 1994 non è, a nostro avviso, un semplice gioco di parole quanto piuttosto un esercizio di analisi del politico nel momento in cui ci si riferisce ad un contesto «altamente politicizzato» [Thomson 2010] quale è il Rwanda del post genocidio. Per altro, già in altre occasioni abbiamo osservato quanto questo evento e le

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“…'Everything this government does is calculated, and for political profit', as one informant said. First and foremost, the gacaca allowed the government to implement a politics of harmony by unremittingly emphasizing the importance of reconciliation, as opposed to vengeance or even merely retribution (de Lame, 2003). The message which was spread by the establishment of the gacaca, the training of the 250,000 judges, through the radio-jingles, and by word-of-mouth of the hundreds of monitors, was 'reconcile or die'.…”

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confidence: 99%

Donor‐Driven Justice and its Discontents: The Case of Rwanda

Oomen

2005

Development and Change

125

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Never before was a process of doing justice driven so strongly from the outside as in post-genocide Rwanda. Not only did the 1994 genocide lead to the founding of the International Tribunal, but it also induced intensive donor involvement in domestic attempts to 'break the cycle of hatred' -from the work done by the national courts and the Unity Commission to the gacaca. In this sense, Rwanda became the forerunner of a much wider trend, towards a judicialization of international relations, for instance through an emphasis on international criminal law. However, the past decade of donor involvement in Rwanda in general, and the case of the gacaca in particular, show us how this specific -technocratic, de-contextualized -emphasis on justice might seem innocuous at first glance, but carries dangers within it, particularly if it takes place in an increasingly autocratic and oppressive political environment like that of contemporary Rwanda.

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Deuil, commémoration, justice dans les contextes Rwandais et Belge

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Of other times: Temporality, memory and trauma in post-genocide Rwanda

Of other times: Temporality, memory and trauma in post-genocide Rwanda

Memorie vs memoriali: conflitti di attestazione e territori del trauma nel Rwanda del post-genocidio

Donor‐Driven Justice and its Discontents: The Case of Rwanda

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