Detritus Food Webs in Conventional and No-Tillage Agroecosystems

Hendrix, Paul F.; Parmelee, Robert W.; Crossley, D. A.; Coleman, David C.; Odum, Eugene P.; Groffman, Peter M.

doi:10.2307/1310259

Cited by 549 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Contrary to other studies (Hendrix et al, 1986;Neher, 1999;Nakamoto & Tsukamoto, 2006), the results of the present work did not show that fungal-feeding nematodes are favoured by simplified soil tillage techniques, with the exception of the D. uncinatum living cover crop system. Moreover, densities of bacterial-feeding nematodes tended to be higher in conventional tillage but the differences were not signifi cant (Lenz & Eisenbeis, 2000).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Impact of direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil nematodes in a long-term experiment in Madagascar

Villenave¹,

Rabary

Chotte³

et al. 2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to assess the effects of conventional tillage and of different direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems (DMC) on soil nematofauna characteristics. The long-term fi eld experiment was carried out in the highlands of Madagascar on an andic Dystrustept soil. Soil samples were taken once a year during three successive years (14 to 16 years after installation of the treatments) from a 0-5-cm soil layer of a conventional tillage system and of three kinds of DMC: direct seeding on mulch from rotation soybean-maize residues; direct seeding of maize-maize rotation on living mulch of silverleaf (Desmodium uncinatum); direct seeding of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)-soybean rotation on living mulch of kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum). The samples were compared with samples from natural fallows. The soil nematofauna, characterized by the abundance of different trophic groups and indices (MI, maturity index; EI and SI, enrichment and structure indices), allowed the discrimination of the different cropping systems. The different DMC treatments had a more complex soil food web than the tillage treatment: SI and MI were signifi cantly greater in DMC systems. Moreover, DMC with dead mulch had a lower density of free-living nematodes than DMC with living mulch, which suggested a lower microbial activity.Index terms: crop residues, indicator, living mulch, Nematoda, soil functioning. Impacto do plantio direto com cobertura vegetal nos nematódeos edáfi cos em experimento de longa duração em MadagascarResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos do plantio convencional e de diferentes sistemas de plantio direto com cobertura vegetal (DMC) nas características da nematofauna edáfi ca. Foi intalado um experimento de longa duração nos platôs centrais de Madagascar em um Inceptisol ândico. O solo foi amostrado uma vez por ano durante três anos consecutivos (14 a 16 anos após a instalação dos tratamentos) na camada de 0-5 cm do solo em plantio convencional e em três tipos de DMC: plantio direto sobre cobertura morta de resíduos da rotação soja-milho; plantio direto da sucessão milho-milho sobre cobertura viva de Desmodium uncinatum; plantio direto da rotação feijão-soja sobre cobertura viva de Pennisetum clandestinum. As amostras foram comparadas com amostras oriundas de pousio. A nematofauna do solo, caracterizada pela abundância dos diferentes grupos trófi cos e índices (MI, índice de maturidade; EI e SI, índices de enriquecimento e estrutura) permitiu a discriminação dos diferentes sistemas de cultivo. Os sistemas de plantio direto com cobertura vegetal foram caracterizados por uma cadeia trófi ca mais complexa que a de plantio convencional: SI e MI foram signifi cativamente maiores no plantio direto. O sistema de plantio direto em cobertura morta apresentou menor densidade de nematódeos de vida livre em comparação com os sistemas de plantio direto em cobertura viva, o que sugere uma atividade microbiana mais baixa.Termos para indexação: resíduos culturais, indicador, cobertura v...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Impact of direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil nematodes in a long-term experiment in Madagascar

Villenave¹,

Rabary

Chotte³

et al. 2009

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Total soil C also changed little during the growing season, indicating that factors other than tillage had only small effects as well. Reduced tillage intensity has been found to increase soil organic matter content (Logan et al 1991;Cannell and Hawes 1994) and to result in physically and chemically stratified soils, with more nutrients and organic matter localized near the surface (Hendrix et al 1986;West and Post 2002). The small effects in our study are most likely due to the short duration of the tillage experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Short-term dynamics of soil carbon, microbial biomass, and soil enzyme activities as compared to longer-term effects of tillage in irrigated row crops

Geisseler

Horwáth

2009

Biol Fertil Soils

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“…Each microbial group has a different C:N ratio and the predominance of one group results in the prevalence of a particular ratio. Practices of placing straw at the soil surface stimulate the fungal population, while the incorporation of the straw into the soil shifts the food web towards bacterial dominance (Hendrix et al 1986). Means within a column of the same sample position followed by a different lower case letter are significantly different at P≤ 0.05.…”

Section: Microbial Biomass Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial activity in soil cultivated with different summer legumes in coffee crop

Balota

Chaves

2011

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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Detritus Food Webs in Conventional and No-Tillage Agroecosystems

Cited by 549 publications

References 37 publications

Impact of direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil nematodes in a long-term experiment in Madagascar

Impact of direct seeding mulch-based cropping systems on soil nematodes in a long-term experiment in Madagascar

Short-term dynamics of soil carbon, microbial biomass, and soil enzyme activities as compared to longer-term effects of tillage in irrigated row crops

Microbial activity in soil cultivated with different summer legumes in coffee crop

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