Detoxification of Jatropha curcas Seeds for Use in Nutrition of Monogastric 
 Livestock as Alternative Feedstuff

Annongu, A.A.; Joseph, Jerelle A.; Apata, D. F.; Adeyina, A. O.; Yousuf, MB; Ogunjimi, K. B.

doi:10.3923/pjn.2010.902.904

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Abdel Hameed et al [11] reported that the serum protein concentration at any given time is a function of hormonal balance, nutritional status, water balance and other factors affecting health. The least value observed in the total protein (1.51g/dL) and albumin (1.57g/dL) of the quails fed with 20% jatropha seed cake could be attributed to the binding effects of residual metabolite (phorbol ester), in the test ingredient which may have prevented the proper utilisation of the protein in the diets [1,7] Eggum [32] noted that there was a relationship between diet protein and total serum protein and this has been used to measure protein quality. Serum proteins are important in osmotic regulation, immunity and transport of several substances in the blood [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of some serum biochemical and haematological parameters in blood samples of Japanese quails fed detoxified jatropha seed cake

Adebisi¹

2017

AJFAND

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Jatropha curcas L. is a multipurpose shrub plant that grows wildly in the tropics and subtropics. The nutritional value of Jatropha seed cake (JSC), a by-product of Jatropha curcas seeds, compares favourably with conventional seed meals with a crude protein content of 58-64% and higher essential amino acids (excluding lysine) than soybean meal. However, the presence of anti-nutrients restricts the use of Jatropha seeds in poultry feeding. If properly detoxified, JSC can be utilised in livestock feeding. The detoxification and reuse of this seed cake are vital for adding economic value and also to reduce the potential environmental damage that may be caused by improper disposal of this by-product. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of heattreated Jatropha seed cake on haematological and some serum biochemical parameters of growing Japanese quails. Diet 1 was a corn-soybean meal (basal diet) with no Jatropha seed cake (JSC). Diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 contained the basal diet and 5, 10, 15 and 20% JSC inclusion respectively, in a completely randomised design. Two hundred 14-day-old Japanese quails were grouped, weighed and randomly assigned to five treatments with five replicates of eight birds each in an experiment that lasted for two weeks. On day 28, blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of two birds per replicate into vials containing the anticoagulant ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (EDTA) for haematology and blood without EDTA to obtain serum for analysis. Diets had no significant effect on the haematological parameters of birds on the experimental diets except on the white blood cell (WBC) counts. White blood cell counts of birds fed 10% JSC diet was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those fed 5% JSC diet but WBC counts of birds on both diets were similar to birds on other dietary treatments. Total proteins of birds fed the control, 5%, 10% and 15% JSC diets were similar but significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of birds on 20% JSC diet. Serum urea, creatinine and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) of birds on the experimental diets were identical but significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of birds on 20% JSC diet. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of birds on 15 and 20% JSC diets were similar to those on the control diet. It is concluded that 10% heat-treated jatropha seed cake could potentially be used in Japanese quail feeding because it reflects the optimal physiological state of the birds compared to other diets.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it becomes imperative to identify cheap, locally available and less competitive alternatives to the conventional feedstuffs to widen feed resource in poultry nutrition [1]. Jatropha plant is a multipurpose drought resistant shrub, a native to tropical America but thrives in Africa, Asia and other tropical and subtropical countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of some serum biochemical and haematological parameters in blood samples of Japanese quails fed detoxified jatropha seed cake

Adebisi¹

2017

AJFAND

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“…Therefore, other strategies must be applied for their removal. Alatise et al (2014), Fakunle et al (2013) and Annongu et al (2010) concluded that Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) could tolerate up to 30% of boiled J. curcas kernel meal in the diet in place of soybean meal. One of the challenges concerning the future development of WS3 treatment is that it uses heat as a pre-treatment prior to auto-detoxification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…J. curcas can provide opportunities for additional income and therefore improve food security (Lyimo, 2010). To enhance the value of JKC, several methods have been proposed for its detoxification, such as: (1) solvent extraction methods (Chivandi et al, 2004;Martınez-Herrera et al, 2006;Makkar et al 2008;Rachadaporn et al, 2012); (2) chemical treatment methods Haas and Mittelbach, 2000;Aregheore et al, 2003;Devappa and Swamylingappa, 2008;Azza and Ferial, 2010); (3) biodetoxification methods such as fungal detoxification (Belewu and Akande, 2010;Azhar et al, 2014Sulaiman et al, 2014), bacterial detoxification (El-Zelaky et al, 2011;Phengnuam and Suntornsuk, 2013;Widiyastuti et al, 2013;Chin-Feng et al, 2014) and ensilage (Oliveira et al, 2012); physical methods such as ionizing radiation (Runumi et al, 2014), ozonation and solar irradiation (Susan et al, 2015), heat (Workagegn et al, 2013), roasting (Azza and Ferial, 2010), germination (Azza and Ferial, 2010), soaking (Azza and Ferial, 2010), and boiling (Annongu et al, 2010;Fakunle et al, 2013;Alatise et al, 2014). All these methods are characterized by different levels of success.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating auto-detoxification of Jatropha curcas Linnaeus, 1753 kernel cake with brine shrimp Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) lethality test

Ewane¹,

Ndamukong²,

Oben³

et al. 2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Jatropha curcas Linnaeus, 1753 is a plant with several uses for communities in Cameroon and other African countries. However, present methods of detoxifying J. curcas kernel cake (JKC) to add value to its further utilization are too sophisticated for cottage operations in rural areas. This study sought to evaluate two auto-detoxification methods using the shellfish brine shrimp, Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758). Two identical J. curcas auto-detoxification apparatuses (JADA) were developed: one simulating diffuse daylight (DJADA) and the other solar irradiation (SJADA) conditions. JKC was pretreated by either soaking or boiling in water or lye. The pretreated samples were then placed in the JADA and either re-moistened to 66% dry matter (DM) or left un-moistened. Among the 14 pretreated samples, water soaked solar without re-moistening (WS1), lye soaked solar without re-moistening (LS1), and water soaked solar with re-moistening (WS2) had LC 50 values above 1000 ppm after four weeks. On the other hand, un-moistened diffuse daylight spread (UDC), boiled in water and exposed to diffused daylight without remoistening (WD3), and un-moistened solar spread (USS) were the least detoxified within the same period of four weeks with LC 50 values less than 60 ppm. Irrespective of the pretreatment, extracts from the SJADA had higher LC 50 values when compared to that of DJADA. This finding suggests that sunlight is an important factor in auto-detoxification. The top three most efficient detoxified treatments: WS1, LS1 and WS2 are recommended for further development and testing with livestock and fish models. This study confirms that JKC is toxic, but under natural conditions is exposed to auto-detoxifying factors which are both endogenous and environmental. When these conditions are optimally manipulated, the detoxification rate is enhanced. Farmers in rural communities can use this strategy to detoxify JKC, transform it into livestock and fish dietary ingredient and consequently enhance its contribution to climate change mitigation.

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“…This ratio gives significant amount of JC with a high residual amino acids content equal to the protein guideline for children [4]. With a high level of crude protein around 53%-58% Jatropha can be utilized as an alternative food, feed stock or fertilizer [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of the Microbubble Enhanced Ozonolysis Technology in Biomass Utilisation

Siswanto¹,

Kuvshinov²,

Pandhal³

et al. 2016

Fourth International Conference on Advances in Bio-Informatics, Bio-Technology and Environmental Engineering - ABBE 2016

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-One of the major fields of Bioscience Engineering application is biomass production and utilisation. Increasing the rate of the biomass production has raised the need for the development of the new efficient low cost techniques for the bio-waste management. Nowadays this became an emerging issue not only for a municipal environment but also for the rural conditions. Jatropha cake (JC) is a waste biomass from the biofuel industry which uses an equatorial crop Jatropha curcas Linn as the raw material. The production of JC is significant with no economical profit. Due to its natural toxicity, the high nutritious JC is utilised as a combustion material (fuel).Thermal, chemical and biological methods have been tested as means of the JC detoxification. However, the toxic component, phorbol ester (PE), is known for its stability at high temperatures up to 160 °C. At that level the heat treatment can have a negative effect on the nutritious content of JC. Utilisation of solvents to reduce PE content requires additional steps for the solvent regeneration in which leads to the increase of production cost. The long time factor of the detoxification process is seen as the main drawback of the biological approach in reducing PE. In this paper the experimental data on the development of the new JC detoxification approach with application of micro bubbles enhanced ozonolysis technique is presented. Issues concerning efficiency of the ozone application for the PE detoxification in the Ghanaian Jatropha cake and ozone driven protein degradation are discussed. It was shown that at optimized operating conditions the protein content in the detoxified JC was reduced by 30% of its original level and the treated waste JC could be used as a fish and cattle feed.

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Detoxification of Jatropha curcas Seeds for Use in Nutrition of Monogastric Livestock as Alternative Feedstuff

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Assessment of some serum biochemical and haematological parameters in blood samples of Japanese quails fed detoxified jatropha seed cake

Assessment of some serum biochemical and haematological parameters in blood samples of Japanese quails fed detoxified jatropha seed cake

Evaluating auto-detoxification of Jatropha curcas Linnaeus, 1753 kernel cake with brine shrimp Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) lethality test

Application of the Microbubble Enhanced Ozonolysis Technology in Biomass Utilisation

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