Detonation Energies from the Cylinder Test and CHEETAH V3.0

Souers, P. C.; Forbes, J. W.; Fried, Laurence E.; Howard, W. M.; Anderson, Steve; Dawson, Shawn; Vitello, P.; Garza, Raul

doi:10.1002/1521-4087(200110)26:4<180::aid-prep180>3.0.co;2-k

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The cylinder test is a means of measuring energy output of a detonating explosive [4]. Twelve pellets of explosive, nominally 12.7 mm radius (1 inch diameter) by 300 mm long, are placed in a copper tube…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation Measurements on Damaged LX‐04

Hsu

Souers

Chidester

et al. 2007

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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We have applied thermal insults on LX-04 at 185 o C and found that the material expanded significantly, resulting in a bulk density reduction of 13%. Subsequent detonation experiments (3 cylinder tests) were conducted on the thermally-damaged LX-04 samples and pristine low-density LX-04 samples and the results showed that the fractions reacted were closed to 1.0. The thermally damaged LX-04 and pristine low-density LX-04 showed detonation velocities of 7.7 to 7.8 mm/µs, significantly lower than that (8.5 mm/µs) of pristine high-density LX-04. Detonation energy densities for the damaged LX-04, low-density pristine LX-04, and hot cylinder shot of LX-04 were 64.8 kJ/cm 3 , 66.2 kJ/cm 3 , and 65.8 kJ/cm 3 , respectively, lower than the detonation energy density of 81.1 kJ/cm 3 for the high density pristine LX-04. The break-out curves for the detonation fronts showed that the damaged LX-04 had longer edge lags than the high density pristine LX-04, indicating that the damaged explosive is less ideal.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detonation Measurements on Damaged LX‐04

Hsu

Souers

Chidester

et al. 2007

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…The cylinder test (herein called the Cylex test) is a method that measures an explosive's ability to accelerate metal and is the standard means for determining the Gurney velocity [1][2] and coefficients for the Jones-Wilkins-Lee (JWL) equation of state [3][4] for an explosive. The Gurney equations are a set of mathematical formulas used in explosives engineering to determine the capability of a detonating explosive to accelerate a surrounding layer of inert material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The miniaturization and reproducibility of the cylinder expansion test

Rumchik

Nep

Butler

et al. 2012

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The cylinder test (aka cylinder expansion or Cylex test) is a standard way to measure the Gurney velocity and determine the JWL coefficients of an explosive and has been utilized by the explosives community for many years. More recently, early time shock information has been found to be useful in examining the early pressure-time history during the expansion of the cylinder. Work in the area of nanoenergetics has prompted Air Force researchers to develop a miniaturized version of the Cylex test, for materials with a sufficiently small critical diameter, to reduce the cost and quantity of material required for the test. This paper discusses the development of a half-inch diameter version of the Cylex test. A measurement systems analysis of the new miniaturized and the standard one-inch test has been performed using the liquid explosive PLX (nitromethane sensitized with ethylene diamine). The resulting velocity and displacement profiles obtained from the streak records were compared to Photo Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) measurements as well as CTH hydrocode simulations. Measurements of the Gurney value for both diameter tests were in agreement and yielded a similar level of variability of 1%-4%.

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“…The second accounts for the radial increase from axial (x) motion of the ramped wall at the Eulerian probe position. 3 Numerical integration of 3 Historic cylinder data collected with a streak camera slit oriented across the cylinder diameter actually…”

Section: Two-dimensional Confiner Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incompressible case model can be used to estimate case shape and velocity from a given isentrope, providing a maximum fragment velocity. The detonation cylinder test is a standard performance experiment used to evaluate the capability of a condensed explosive to accelerate confining material [1][2][3][4]. The test configuration consists of an inert confiner tube tightly encasing a high explosive rod.…”

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confidence: 99%

An analytic method for two-dimensional wall motion and product isentrope from the detonation cylinder test

Jackson

2015

Proceedings of the Combustion Institute

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The cylinder test provides a measurement of detonation product's ability to perform work on adjacent material. Historically, direct numerical simulation has been required to derive the product energy content and isentrope from experiments of cylinder expansion driven by detonation products. One-dimensional analytic methods have not been able to accurately recover these parameters when the cylinder motion is compressible, exhibiting shocks. For incompressible cylinder motion, analytic one-dimensional approximations more accurately recover the isentrope, but still only approximate the two-dimensional cylinder motion and energy. This work provides a fully two-dimensional model that recovers the exact outer cylinder shape from experimental measurements. The inner cylinder shape and product isentrope are also exactly recovered in the limit of incompressible case motion. An alternate methodology also approximates the inner case shape and isentrope for compressible case motion, e↵ectively allowing accurate isentrope determination for any cylinder

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Detonation Energies from the Cylinder Test and CHEETAH V3.0

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

Detonation Measurements on Damaged LX‐04

Detonation Measurements on Damaged LX‐04

The miniaturization and reproducibility of the cylinder expansion test

An analytic method for two-dimensional wall motion and product isentrope from the detonation cylinder test

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