2011
DOI: 10.1142/s0219749911006879
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Deterministic Secure Quantum Communication With Four-Qubit W States

Abstract: We propose a new protocol for deterministic secure quantum communication with a four-qubit W state. In this protocol, by using four local two-particle unitary operations and Bell basis measurements, the two legitimate users can directly transmit secret messages after exchanging some additional classical information. It will be shown that our protocol has a high capacity as each W state can carry two bits of secret information, and has a high intrinsic efficiency because almost all the instances are useful. Fur… Show more

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Cited by 10 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Originally introduced for three qubits, they were quickly generalised to N entangled eigenstates: trueright|normalWN=1Nk=1N0.16emenormaliφk0.16emâk|0-0.16em,where φk is an arbitrary but fixed phase distribution. W‐states have been proposed for a variety of applications like teleportation, secure communication, or genuine random number generation. Nevertheless, their experimental realisation stopped at the order of N=4 .…”
Section: Advanced Circuit Designsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Originally introduced for three qubits, they were quickly generalised to N entangled eigenstates: trueright|normalWN=1Nk=1N0.16emenormaliφk0.16emâk|0-0.16em,where φk is an arbitrary but fixed phase distribution. W‐states have been proposed for a variety of applications like teleportation, secure communication, or genuine random number generation. Nevertheless, their experimental realisation stopped at the order of N=4 .…”
Section: Advanced Circuit Designsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In a QKD protocol, the random shared secret key is established first through a quantum channel and then utilized to encrypt the transmitted message between two remote authorized parties. Another remarkable research field, quantum direct communication (QDC) which includes quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and deterministic secure quantum communication (DSQC), [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] has also been developed quickly.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Thereafter, many advanced DSQC protocols have been introduced utilizing the entangled quantum states. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] However, these protocols can only work well under an ideal condition that the quantum channel is noiseless. Actually, the channel noise is inevitable.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In 1999, Shimizu and Imoto [15] proposed the first DSQC protocol, and another DSQC protocol based on single photon two-qubit states was presented by Beige et al in 2002. [16] Thereafter, many advanced DSQC protocols have been already introduced, [17−34] including the protocols using the entangled states, [21][22][25][26][29][30][31][32]34] such as EPR pairs, GHZ states, W states, cluster states and so on, and the proto-cols employing the rearrangement technique of the particle order, [22][23][24][27][28]33] etc.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[30][31][32][33], four-particle W state in Refs. [27,29], χ-type entangled state in Ref. [34] and n-qubit W state in Ref.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%