Deterministic beamforming for enhanced vertical sectorization and array pattern compensation

Tsakalaki, Elpiniki; Temino, Luis Angel Maestro Ruiz de; Haapala, Tomi; Roman, Javier Lopez; Arauzo, Miguel Arranz

doi:10.1109/eucap.2012.6206403

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…splitting the power over the antennas relaxes the design of the power amplifiers and RF filters in the transmit RF chain. Moreover, having more antennas immunizes the array against element-branch failures [31].…”

Section: E Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 12 illustrates this by showing the angular convolution of a free-space sector-beam (obtained using (31) and the UCyA in Fig. 1), with a Laplacian APS having angle spread of 4…”

Section: Sector-beam Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 and optimize its sector-beam using (31). The rest B − 1 precoding vectors are obtained by cyclic rotations of w 1 by B ∈ {3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24} rotations.…”

Section: Sector-beam Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Beamforming via Large and Dense Antenna Arrays Above a Clutter

Alrabadi

Tsakalaki

Huang³

et al. 2013

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Abstract-The paper sheds light on the beamforming (BF) performance of large (potentially unconstrained in size) as well as dense (but physically constrained in size) antenna arrays when equipped with arbitrarily many elements. Two operational modes are investigated: Single-layer BF and multi-layer BF. In the first mode, a realistic BF criterion namely the average BF gain is revisited and employed to understand the far-field and the near-field effects on the BF performance of large-scale antennas above a clutter. The diminishing throughput returns in a single-layer BF mode versus the number of antennas necessitate multi-layering. In the multi-layer BF mode, the RF coverage is divided into a number of directive non-overlapping sectorbeams in a deterministic manner within a multi-user multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system. The optimal number of layers that maximizes the user's sum-rate given a constrained antenna array is found as a compromise between the multiplexing gain (associated with the number of sector-beams) and the inter-beam interference, represented by the side lobe level (SLL).

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Section: E Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 12 illustrates this by showing the angular convolution of a free-space sector-beam (obtained using (31) and the UCyA in Fig. 1), with a Laplacian APS having angle spread of 4…”

Section: Sector-beam Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Beamforming via Large and Dense Antenna Arrays Above a Clutter

Alrabadi

Tsakalaki

Huang³

et al. 2013

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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show abstract

“…These works have mostly focused on choosing the optimal values of tilts and HPBW from a set of possible options for different environments. Initial analytical approaches for vertical sectorization [7], [8], [9] showed how tilts and beamforming vectors can be optimized based on the distribution of the UEs in the sector. However these previous work have ignored the height of the UEs and only considered UEs at a fixed elevation on the ground floor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing vertical sectorization for high-rises

Acharya

Akoum

2015

2015 International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC)

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Vertical sectorization is a recent development of active antenna technologies, whereas cellular providers make use of sectors in the vertical domain in addition to the standard horizontal sectorization currently in place. In this paper, we develop a framework to analyze and optimize vertical sectorization for high-rise buildings in urban environments. We start with a generic urban network topology with high-rise buildings and use it to derive the distribution of the elevation angles of the user equipments (UEs) in a cell. Using this distribution, we derive the values of tilts that maximize the coverage of all the UEs for the cases of one and two vertical sectors. This work provides answers to how a cellular service provider should perform vertical sectorization for different base station heights, cell sizes and various urban environments.

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“…Several "3D-MIMO" methodologies have been proposed: for example, vertical sectorization (e.g., [2] [3]), user-specific elevation beamforming / MIMO (e.g., [4] [5]), and full dimension MIMO [6]. Vertical sectorization is a form of cell splitting that creates two or more vertical sectors out of what was originally one azimuth-only sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation beamforming with beamspace methods for LTE

Vook

Thomas

Visotsky

2013

2013 IEEE 24th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)

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Recently, there has been interest in extending MIMO processing techniques to exploit the elevation dimension of the multipath channel in addition to the azimuth dimension. In this paper, we explore the use of beamspace methods for creating virtual antenna ports in the vertical direction to enable a base station antenna array to exploit the elevation dimension of the multipath channel. We consider two ways of configuring the vertical antenna array: vertical sectorization, which creates additional sectors in the vertical domain, and vertical beamforming, which simply leverages the additional vertical antenna ports with existing MIMO processing techniques. For Rel-8/10 LTE, we show that both vertical sectorization and vertical beamforming can provide significant gains in the average and cell-edge throughputs, both in full buffer traffic as well as bursty traffic. We also highlight the sensitivity of the results to the specific assumptions of the underlying multipath channel characteristics and other system parameters.

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Deterministic beamforming for enhanced vertical sectorization and array pattern compensation

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Beamforming via Large and Dense Antenna Arrays Above a Clutter

Beamforming via Large and Dense Antenna Arrays Above a Clutter

Optimizing vertical sectorization for high-rises

Elevation beamforming with beamspace methods for LTE

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