Determining the Toughness of Ceramics from Vickers Indentations Using the Crack‐Opening Displacements: An Experimental Study

Kruzic, Jamie J.; Ritchie, Robert O.

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03490.x

Cited by 80 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In this study, the calibration constants for all materials were in agreement with the above values: E1 = 0.83; E2 = 0.83; AR = 0.86; and RC = 0.85. (Hagan and Swain, 1978;Kruzic and Ritchie, 2003), and a brief discussion is included in the APPENDIX.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Resin/Ceramic Systems

2006

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We suggest that the apparent interfacial fracture toughness (K A ) may be estimated by fracture mechanics and fractography. This study tested the hypothesis that the K A of the adhesion zone of resin/ceramic systems is affected by the ceramic microstructure. Lithia disilicate-based (Empress2-E2) and leucite-based (Empress-E1) ceramics were surface-treated with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and/ or silane (S), followed by an adhesive resin. Microtensile test specimens (n = 30; area of 1 ± 0.01 mm 2 ) were indented (9.8 N) at the interface and loaded to failure in tension. We used tensile strength

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apparent Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Resin/Ceramic Systems

2006

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“…Limiting food supply combined with increasing pCO 2 has been shown to amplify resulting corrosion of the aragonite layer in M. edulis [13], and associated changes in microstructure could result in changes to material properties [13]. During this study, M. edulis were fed a sufficient food supply of approximately 5000 cell ml 21 of algae compared with the 1600-2000 cell ml 21 of Melzner et al [13] and 310-350 cells ml 21 during food-limiting experiments. This could suggest that OA alone could be impacting the aragonite microstructure [13], resulting in the observed reduced hardness and fracture toughness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The feeding regime (10 ml of approx. 2.8 million cells ml 21 algae culture) was equivalent to approximately 4666 cells ml 21 during experimental culture; this is sufficient to allow for growth under OA [5,13]. Each experimental tank contained 30 mussels; this was the appropriate number of mussels per 6 l experimental tank to maintain sufficient dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (tested prior to experiment).…”

Section: Mussel Collection and Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three indents were made per region (calcite/ aragonite) for each mussel shell and averages reported + the standard deviation from the mean. A load of 0.5 kg was applied for 10 s, the lengths of the diagonals of the indent were measured to calculate the Vicker's hardness (H ) and the length of the cracks developed from the corners of the indent measured to determine fracture toughness (K IC ) using the equation from [20][21][22] …”

Section: Microindentation Measurement Of Fracture Toughnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocean acidification alters the material properties of Mytilus edulis shells

Fitzer

Zhu

Tanner

et al. 2015

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Ocean acidification (OA) and the resultant changing carbonate saturation states is threatening the formation of calcium carbonate shells and exoskeletons of marine organisms. The production of biominerals in such organisms relies on the availability of carbonate and the ability of the organism to biomineralize in changing environments. To understand how biomineralizers will respond to OA the common blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, was cultured at projected levels of pCO 2 (380, 550, 750, 1000 matm) and increased temperatures (ambient, ambient plus 28C). Nanoindentation (a single mussel shell) and microhardness testing were used to assess the material properties of the shells. Young's modulus (E), hardness (H ) and toughness (K IC ) were measured in mussel shells grown in multiple stressor conditions. OA caused mussels to produce shell calcite that is stiffer (higher modulus of elasticity) and harder than shells grown in control conditions. The outer shell (calcite) is more brittle in OA conditions while the inner shell (aragonite) is softer and less stiff in shells grown under OA conditions. Combining increasing ocean pCO 2 and temperatures as projected for future global ocean appears to reduce the impact of increasing pCO 2 on the material properties of the mussel shell. OA may cause changes in shell material properties that could prove problematic under predation scenarios for the mussels; however, this may be partially mitigated by increasing temperature.

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“…The laser was produced using a laser source from Spectra Physics (Model 3900S, California, USA) and the detector was from Kaiser Optical Systems, Inc. (Michigan, USA). Fracture toughness was calculated from the Anti's semi-empirical relationship based on radial crack generation during Vicker indentation [203].…”

Section: Confirmation Of Cnt Retention By Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of carbon nanotube dispersion in fracture toughening of plasma sprayed aluminum oxide - carbon nanotube nanocomposite coating

Balani¹

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Balani, Kantesh, "Role of carbon nanotube dispersion in fracture toughening of plasma sprayed aluminum oxide -carbon nanotube nanocomposite coating" (2007 Rameshwar Ajja for their tacit support, thoughtful concern, and unselfish care during hard times. I also thank Mr. Navneet Pate and Ms. Sonali Pate for their kind support.They all pulled me together whenever I was down. They were a source of strength in me. Due to its excellent mechanical properties and bending strength, carbon nanotubes (CNT)is an ideal reinforcement for A1 2 0 3 matrix to improve its fracture toughness.The role of CNT dispersion in the fracture toughening of the plasma sprayed Reinforcement by CNTs is described by its bridging, anchoring, hook formation, impact alignment, fusion with splat, and mesh formation.The A1 2 0 3 /CNT interface is critical in assisting the stress transfer and utilizing excellent mechanical properties of CNTs. Mathematical and computational modeling using ab-initio principle is applied to understand the wetting behavior at the A1 2 0 3 /CNT interface. Contrasting storage modulus was obtained by nanoindentation (~ 210, 250, 250-350 and 325-420 GPa in A-SD, A4C-B, A4C-SD, and A8C-SD coatings respectively) depicting the toughening associated with CNT content and dispersion.ix

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Determining the Toughness of Ceramics from Vickers Indentations Using the Crack‐Opening Displacements: An Experimental Study

Cited by 80 publications

References 12 publications

Apparent Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Resin/Ceramic Systems

Apparent Interfacial Fracture Toughness of Resin/Ceramic Systems

Ocean acidification alters the material properties of Mytilus edulis shells

Role of carbon nanotube dispersion in fracture toughening of plasma sprayed aluminum oxide - carbon nanotube nanocomposite coating

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