Determining the permittivity profile inside reinforced concrete using capacitive probes

Fares, Milia; Fargier, Yannick; Villain, Géraldine; Dérobert, Xavier; Lopes, Sérgio Palma

doi:10.1016/j.ndteint.2016.01.002

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Four sets of electrodes (investigation depths equal to 2-3 mm for the small-size electrodes named PE, 2-3 cm for the medium-size ME and 8 cm for great-size electrodes GE which are stable, 5-6 cm for the set 3E which is optional and not stable) informs on the presence of any gradient according to depth. This device has been used to determine water content gradients in concrete [20,21,25]. It has also been adapted to study the filling of posttension duct with cementitious grouts [26].…”

Section: /25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of concrete water content by coupling electromagnetic methods: Coaxial/cylindrical transition line with capacitive probes

Villain

Ihamouten²,

Dérobert

2017

NDT & E International

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This paper deals with the development and the validation of an innovative, easy-to-use and on site technique for determination of concrete water content. The on-site technique is the capacitive probe, able to characterize in situ dielectric media in the 30-35 MHz frequency band (around 33 MHz). For the evaluation of water content in various civil engineering structures, a calibration methodology has to be developed and is presented herein. It is based on the complex permittivity estimation of various dispersive concretes, which is carried out by a cylindrical coaxial electromagnetic (EM) transition line allowing the characterization in laboratory of material samples in a large GPR frequency bandwidth [50-600 MHz]. This methodology consists then on a coupling between the results of both the capacitive probes and the coaxial EM cell extrapolated at low frequency (33 MHz). The extrapolation procedure used to link physically the results of the two techniques is provided by the 4p-variant of Jonscher's model which is parameterized to obtain dispersion curves of the complex permittivity for very wide frequency bands. The methodology is checked by a parametric study that associates the 4p variant of Jonscher's model with the physical and hydric characteristics of the six concrete mix designs representing high performance and ordinary concretes at various hydric states. The surface testing results measured by capacitive probes on slabs are successfully compared to the extrapolated results obtained on cores.

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Section: /25mentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of concrete water content by coupling electromagnetic methods: Coaxial/cylindrical transition line with capacitive probes

Villain

Ihamouten²,

Dérobert

2017

NDT & E International

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“…Amongst non-destructive methods, electromagnetic techniques are particularly sensitive to the moisture and ionic contents in concrete [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. This sensitivity has been proven in lab controlled conditions as well as on in-situ structures [23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining chloride content profiles in concrete using an electrical resistivity tomography device

Fares¹,

Villain²,

Bonnet

et al. 2018

Cement and Concrete Composites

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Chloride penetration in concrete can lead to steel corrosion which is one of the major pathologies affecting reinforced concrete's durability. The development of methods to investigate chloride penetration is essential to predict and update the service life of the structure. A non-destructive (ND) DC-electrical technique is used in this study: this Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) device is arranged in a Wenner configuration and measures apparent resistivities. Apparent resistivities are then inverted in order to obtain a resistivity profile versus depth. In parallel, a calibration method relating the resistivity to the chloride content for each type of concrete is used to obtain the chloride profile versus depth. This methodology was applied to a chloride diffusion experimental program on two concrete formulations and one mortar. The profiles evaluated by NDT are then compared to those obtained by a destructive method (potentiometric titration). Both types of profile fit relatively well, thus, the presented methodology is validated for determining chloride content profiles by means of a non-destructive ERT device. The evaluation of the uncertainty range of successive processes (measurement, inversion and calibration) underlines the importance on including the uncertainties in the interpretation of the ND profiles in future research.

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“…In previous studies, apparent capacitive and resistive measurements were inverted separately to estimate the water profiles in concrete (Fares, 2016). A single type of measurement was considered (either the resistive or the capacitive ones) to estimate the saturation profile with depth.…”

Section: Separate Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inversion of measurements has been performed using either the resistivity or the permittivity data to obtain the water saturation with depth profile (Fares, 2016). However, inversion results may lack reliability, in particular, due to the small number of available data, the presence of noise in the measurements, and the lack of sensitivity of each data set to the water saturation profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Joint Inversion Approach of Capacitive and Resistive Measurements for the Estimation of Water Saturation Profiles in Concrete Structures

Alhajj¹,

Villain²,

Bourguignon³

et al. 2020

XV International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components. eBook of Proceedings

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Concrete is a construction material that is well known for its durability. However, it is exposed to environmental attacks that lead to the penetration of aggressive agents such as water and chlorides, thus, threatening its durability and service life. Within this context and exploiting the sensitivity of the electromagnetic properties of concrete to its water content, the literature suggests determining water saturation profiles using non-destructive techniques. For instance, measuring the electrical resistivity at several points of the surface of the concrete structure can lead to an estimate of the resistivity depth profile. Then, after a calibration step, the water saturation depth profile can be obtained and the durability can be assessed. Similarly, the water depth profile can be assessed by dielectric permittivity measurements. In this paper, we propose a new inversion scheme based on the combination of both resistive and capacitive measurements: resistivity and permittivity measurements are inverted jointly to estimate the water saturation profile in concrete. Numerical experiments with simulated data show that information gathered from the two measurements enriches the inversion process, leading to the determination of more reliable water saturation profiles.

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Determining the permittivity profile inside reinforced concrete using capacitive probes

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Determination of concrete water content by coupling electromagnetic methods: Coaxial/cylindrical transition line with capacitive probes

Determination of concrete water content by coupling electromagnetic methods: Coaxial/cylindrical transition line with capacitive probes

Determining chloride content profiles in concrete using an electrical resistivity tomography device

A Joint Inversion Approach of Capacitive and Resistive Measurements for the Estimation of Water Saturation Profiles in Concrete Structures

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