Determining the Optimum Inner Diameter of Condenser Tubes Based on Thermodynamic Objective Functions and an Economic Analysis

Laskowski, Rafał; Smyk, A.; Rusowicz, А.; Grzebielec, Andrzej

doi:10.3390/e18120444

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We collected 12 papers in this special issue, covering both engineering applications [8][9][10][11][12] and fundamental studies [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] with respect to CFD of flow and heat transfer problems and interpretation of the CFD results with the SLA.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Second-Law Analysis: A Powerful Tool for Analyzing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Results

Jin

2017

Entropy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Second-law analysis (SLA) is an important concept in thermodynamics, which basically assesses energy by its value in terms of its convertibility from one form to another. Highly-valued forms of energy in this context are called exergy, defined as those energies from which the maximum theoretical work is obtainable when the energy is interacting with the environment to equilibrium (see Moran et al. [1], for example).The counterpart of exergy, also called available work, is anergy, so that with this concept energy can generally be regarded as the sum of exergy and anergy. As a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics, exergy can be lost but cannot be created. Therefore, in a reversible process, exergy is preserved, whereas irreversibility (like losses in a flow field) leads to a loss of exergy (in favor of the corresponding increasing anergy).Losses in flow and heat transfer fields can, thus, be determined by their impact on the exergy, i.e., by determining the exergy losses. These losses of exergy are thermodynamically linked to the generation of entropy by the so-called Gouy Stodola theorem. It states that the lost exergy corresponds to the product of entropy generation and the environmental temperature (see, again, Moran et al. [1]).From a thermodynamic point of view, the quality of a flow or heat transfer process can be assessed by the entropy generation rate in this process (see Herwig [2]). However, entropy almost never appears in the textbooks of fluid dynamics and heat transfer (see, e.g., Batchelor, et al. [3] and Incropera, et al. [4]). This concept is widely ignored perhaps because the irreversibility effect is often fundamentally important in these two disciplines.After Bejan [5,6] laid the foundation with respect to analyzing and optimizing thermal systems with the SLA approach, the SLA of flow and heat transfer problems received more and more attention. Applying the SLA in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), Kock and Herwig [7] extended this concept to an in-depth analysis of turbulent flows and identified four different mechanisms of entropy generation: dissipation in a mean and fluctuating velocity field and heat flux in a mean and fluctuating temperature field. They also suggested how to calculate the entropy generation rates with the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) results. Herwig [2] stated that, with the help of the SLA, one may answer four important questions regarding a momentum and/or heat transfer process:• Which is the ideal process (no entropy generation)? • Where does entropy generation occur in a non-ideal process? • Why does entropy generation occur at a certain location and with certain strength? • How can entropy generation be reduced overall or locally?The purpose of this special issue is to demonstrate how the CFD results can be better interpreted by the SLA. We collected 12 papers in this special issue, covering both engineering applications [8-12] and

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Laskowski et al [11] applied the SLA to an optimization of a condenser in a steam power plant. An economic optimization method was introduced to assess the performance of a condenser.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Second-Law Analysis: A Powerful Tool for Analyzing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Results

Jin

2017

Entropy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The design of the ICLASS facility was focused on for simulating the averaged condenser conditions for a single representative tube. Generally, a condenser tube has a diameter of 0.022 to 0.03 m and an average condensation heat flux [28][29][30][31] less than 100 kW/m 2 . The selected tube in the ICLASS facility had a diameter of 0.0254 m and a length of 1.2 m for secure low heat flux condition.…”

Section: Experimental Facilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance criterion of an indirect dry air‐cooled condenser for small modular reactor based on pressure transition temperature

Shin

Lee

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary In terms of reducing the environmental pollution caused by effluent water from typical condensers and the water dependency of small modular reactors, indirect dry air‐cooled condensers (IDACs) are being considered an ultimate heat sink. While the performance of air‐cooled heat exchangers has been investigated thoroughly for decades, evaluations of the condenser performance rely primarily on empirical data. Thus, a method for precisely determining the performance of the IDAC under various environmental and thermal‐hydraulic conditions has not yet been understood. The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the critical parameter that initiates the deterioration of the condenser performance by varying the cooling duty and water velocity. The investigation is also extended to a parametric study of the air‐cooling conditions using a best‐estimate thermal hydraulic analysis code called multi‐dimensional analysis of reactor safety (MARS‐KS) to suggest a method for designing an IDAC system. Results showed that, for a given cooling duty and water velocity, the condenser exhibited an insufficient performance above a certain cooling water temperature. The temperature was defined as the pressure transition temperature (PTT) that initiates the increase in pressure inside the condenser. The calculation results of MARS‐KS were analysed based on the PTT and was used to suggest methods for designing an appropriate IDAC for the cooling duty and environmental conditions of given target site.

show abstract

“…Based on the value of Reynolds number, Nusselt number for every section was calculated using one of the two following empirical correlations [18,19]:…”

Section: Heat Transfer Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of thermal energy storage unit for Compressed Air Energy Storage system

Szybiak

Jaworski

2018

E3S Web Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this paper is to present a new concept of a high-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) for the application in the compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems. The proposed storage unit combines the advantages of pressurized containers with packed beds, e.g. of rocks, with the strengths of non-pressurized systems such as those encountered in CSP plants. Designed TES unit consists of the heat exchanger located inside a high-temperature thermocline-type vessel with molten HITEC® salt used as a heat storing material. In terms of the geometry of the designed heat exchanger, a tube-in-tube helical coil type was chosen due to its higher convective heat transfer coefficients in comparison with straight tubes. To find the most suitable case, four helical coils with different dimensions (diameter, pitch) were considered. Heat transfer and pressure drop analysis for each configuration were conducted. In particular, convective and overall heat transfer coefficients as well as friction factors were computed based on the empirical correlations. To verify the obtained results, the analysis based on numerical approach has been carried out with the use of ANSYS Fluent software for the most suitable case.

show abstract

Determining the Optimum Inner Diameter of Condenser Tubes Based on Thermodynamic Objective Functions and an Economic Analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 46 publications

Second-Law Analysis: A Powerful Tool for Analyzing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Results

Second-Law Analysis: A Powerful Tool for Analyzing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Results

Performance criterion of an indirect dry air‐cooled condenser for small modular reactor based on pressure transition temperature

Design of thermal energy storage unit for Compressed Air Energy Storage system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About