Determining the mechanical properties of hazel forks by testing their component parts

Slater, Duncan; Ennos, A. Roland

doi:10.1007/s00468-013-0898-5

Cited by 37 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…bras., Brasília, v.52, n.11, p.969-976, nov. 2017 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2017001100002 fraction of these materials (Table 2). This results in the higher basic density and better mechanical properties of fiber (Vincent et al, 2014) and wood (Slater & Ennos, 2013) and, with a smaller microfibril angle, improves the resistance of wood to breakage and tree resistance to wind. On account of these characteristics, these materials are more suited for areas with a high incidence of wind damage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Materials with a lower lumen diameter and higher cell wall thickness corresponded to clones that had smaller damaged area by winds. The fibers have structural function in hardwoods and their morphology influenced the mechanical properties of wood (Slater & Ennos, 2013). The lumen diameter and cell wall thickness had a different influence on the mechanical properties of wood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of eucalyptus clones subject to wind damage

Zanuncio

Carvalho

Carneiro

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to test a new methodology to assess the resistance of trees to wind damage and determine the characteristics that increase clone resistance to winds. Tree resistance to breakage, basic density, ultrastructure, anatomy, mechanical properties, and wood growth stress have been evaluated in seven Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla clones, collected from a region with a high incidence of wind damage. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the tree resistance to breakage and the ratio between the area damaged by the winds and the total planted area was -0.839, showing the efficiency of the methodology adopted and that high breaking strength results in a smaller area affected by wind damage. Trees with a high basic density, cell wall fraction, modulus of elasticity of the middle lamella and fibers, fiber hardness, modulus of rupture, growth stress and low microfibril angle and height and width of the rays showed greater resistance to wind damage. Therefore, the selection of clones with these features may reduce the incidence of damage by winds in Eucalyptus plantations.Index terms: Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla, basic density, cell wall fraction, cell wall ultrastructure, fiber, wood. Caracterização de clones de eucalipto sujeitos a danos provocados pelo ventoResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi testar uma nova metodologia para avaliar a resistência das árvores aos danos causados pelos ventos e determinar as características que aumentam a resistência dos clones a estes danos. A resistência das árvores à ruptura e a tensão de crescimento, assim como a densidade básica, ultraestrutura, anatomia e propriedades mecânicas da madeira foram avaliadas em sete clones de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla, recolhidos de uma região com uma alta incidência de danos provocados pelo vento. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson entre a resistência à ruptura da árvore e a relação entre a área danificada pelos ventos e a área total plantada foi -0,839, mostrando a eficiência da metodologia adotada e que alta resistência à quebra resulta em baixa área afetada por danos pelos ventos. Árvores com uma alta densidade básica, fração da parede celular, módulo de elasticidade da lamela média e fibras, dureza da fibra, módulo de ruptura, tensão de crescimento e baixo ângulo microfibrilar e altura e largura dos raios apresentaram maior resistência a danos causados pelo vento. Portanto, a seleção de clones com estas características pode reduzir a incidência de danos causados por ventos em plantações de eucalipto.Termos para indexação: Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla, densidade básica, fração de parede celular, ultraestrutura da parede celular, fibra, madeira.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of eucalyptus clones subject to wind damage

Zanuncio

Carvalho

Carneiro

et al. 2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a more recent study, Buckley et al (2015) showed that diameter ratio of branch and branch strength was significantly correlated with each other, but there was a significant negative relationship, in that, higher diameter ratio of the branches failed at lower breaking stresses. A study by Slater and Ennos (2013) also found that diameter ratio is also an important parameter affecting how the forks fail. They suggested that compression failure at the outside of the forks (type I failure) occurred before fracture more often when the diameter ratio was 65-80%, whereas forks split before compression failure occurred (type II failure) more often at diameter ratios over 80% (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a In type I mode of failure, the first stage of failure exhibits yielding of wood under the compression of the outer edge of the smaller branch of the fork, prior to the second stage of failure, which is the splitting of the wood at the apex of the joint. b Type II mode of failure in tree forks exhibits only one stage of failure, immediately starting with the splitting of the tissues under tension at the fork apex (Slater and Ennos 2013) the bifurcation. The aim of the study was to investigate how forks are designed and how they fail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slater and Ennos (2013) first examined the strength and failure mode of hazel forks by pulling them apart, both when intact and after destroying different parts of the fork to quantify the relative importance of three component parts of the fork: resistance to splitting of centrally placed xylem within the bifurcation; resistance to splitting of peripheral xylem in the plane of the bifurcation; and resistance to bending of the wood within Fig. 1 Types of tensile failure in tree forks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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