Determining the maximum surface temperature for non-electrical equipment aiming at explosion prevention at protection

Abstract

Non-electrical equipment has been used for over 150 years in industries with potentially explosive atmospheres and great experience has been gained with regard to the application of protective measures to reduce the risk of ignition down to an acceptable safety level. The use of non-electrical equipment in explosive atmospheres required the development of specific requirements with regard to the concept of protection against the ignition of explosive atmospheres, which to clearly define protection measures and to include the experience gained and extended over the years. The practical studies, laboratory research and methods for assessing and testing the hazard of ignition by hot surfaces presented within the paper have as main purpose the improvement of ignition hazard assessment in different operating conditions.

Safety of Steel Arch Support Operation During Rock Bursts Under Explosive Atmosphere Conditions

“…Before a device is permitted for use in the field, it is important to carry out its conformity assessment process, part of which involves tests for conformity with standards harmonised with the ATEX directive. Should no harmonised standards exist, the required tests and extent of testing are determined by a body notified within the scope of the directive, and some of the basic certification tests include maximum temperature determination and potential methane and coal dust ignition source identification (Kałuża, 2017;Jurca et al, 2020). The ATEX directive encompasses requirements for both electrical and nonelectrical (Rogers, 2003;Gakhar et al, 2006;Thurnherr et al, 2007;Ghicioi et al, 2010a and2010b;Jurca et al, 2020) devices.…”

“…Should no harmonised standards exist, the required tests and extent of testing are determined by a body notified within the scope of the directive, and some of the basic certification tests include maximum temperature determination and potential methane and coal dust ignition source identification (Kałuża, 2017;Jurca et al, 2020). The ATEX directive encompasses requirements for both electrical and nonelectrical (Rogers, 2003;Gakhar et al, 2006;Thurnherr et al, 2007;Ghicioi et al, 2010a and2010b;Jurca et al, 2020) devices. Unlike electrical device standardisation, the standardisation of non-electrical devices is a relatively recent endeavour, and its greatest development began with the adoption of the ATEX directive in 1994 (Górny, 2017).…”