Determining the Maximal Length of a Vein Conduit Used as an Interposition Graft for Nerve Regeneration

Strauch, Berish; Ferder, Michael; Lovelle-Allen, Susan; Moore, Keith; Kim, D. J.; Llena, Josephine

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1006624

Cited by 91 publications

(51 citation statements)

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“…Even more sophisticated and long-term in vivo experiments have not obtained remarkable functional restoration [9,58]. The limitations in these approaches stem from several factors, like the restrictive cell response owing to activated astrocytes and macrophages [11,28,59].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies aiming at the repair of nerve or brain tissue have been conducted with promising results, especially those which used cylindrical or tubular structures to mimic nervous tracts [9][10][11]. These anisotropic structures provide physical guidance for cell migration and axonal penetration and elongation and they permit the investigation of the effects of guidance stimuli to achieve efficient functional regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schwann-cell cylinders grown inside hyaluronic-acid tubular scaffolds with gradient porosity

et al. 2016

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Cell transplantation therapies in the nervous system are frequently hampered by glial scarring and cell drain from the damaged site, among others. To improve this situation, new biomaterials may be of help. Here, novel single-channel tubular conduits based on hyaluronic acid (HA) with and without poly-L-lactide acid fibers in their lumen were fabricated. Rat Schwann cells were seeded within the conduits and cultured for 10 days.The conduits possessed a three-layered porous structure that impeded the leakage of the cells seeded in their interior and made them impervious to cell invasion from the exterior, while allowing free transport of nutrients and other molecules needed for cell survival. The channel's surface acted as a template for the formation of a cylindrical sheath-like tapestry of Schwann cells continuously spanning the whole length of the lumen. Schwann-cell tubes having a diameter of around 0.5 mm and variable lengths can thus be generated. This structure is not found in nature and represents a truly engineered tissue, the outcome of the specific cell-material interactions. The conduits might be useful to sustain and protect cells for transplantation, and the biohybrids here described, together with neuronal precursors, might be of help in building bridges across significant distances in the central and peripheral nervous system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schwann-cell cylinders grown inside hyaluronic-acid tubular scaffolds with gradient porosity

et al. 2016

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“…Most pretreatment methods, such as chemical treatment, irradiation, freezing, lyophilization, and freezethawing could effectively reduce nerve graft antigenicity; however, nerve regeneration remains inferior to autografts. One problem has been acellularizing the graft (Song, Yang, Russell, 2009), and although short nerve deficits (less than 3 cm) can be bridged by acellular grafts, longer deficits may be more dependent upon the presence of donor-derived viable SCs (Hems, Glasby, 1992;Evans et al, 1995;Strauch et al, 1996;Song, Yang, Russell, 2009), because viable SCs are essential for successful axonal regeneration through longer deficits (Hall, 1986;Feneley, Fawcett, Keynes, 1991;Bunge, 1993). Furthermore, Blais, Grenier, Berthod and Sun et al found that tissueengineered skin or acellular nerve allografts seeded with SCs could improve nerve regeneration (Blais, Grenier, Berthod, 2009;Sun et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetramethylpyrazine protects Schwann cells from ischemia-like injury and increases cell survival in cold ischemic rat nerves

Yang

Huang

Jiang

2015

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), a major active ingredient of Ligusticum wallichi Franchat extract (a Chinese herb), exhibits neuroprotective properties in ischemia. In this study, we assessed its protective effects on Schwann cells (SCs) by culturing them in the presence of oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) conditions and measuring cell survival in cold ischemic rat nerves. In the OGD-induced ischemic injury model of SCs, we demonstrated that TMP treatment not only reduced OGD-induced cell viability losses, cell death, and apoptosis of SCs in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibited LDH release, but also suppressed OGD-induced downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax and caspase-3, as well as inhibited the consequent activation of caspase-3. In the cold ischemic nerve model, we found that prolonged cold ischemic exposure for four weeks was markedly associated with the absence of SCs, a decrease in cell viability, and apoptosis in preserved nerve segments incubated in University of Wisconsin solution (UWS) alone. However, TMP attenuated nerve segment damage by preserving SCs and antagonizing the decrease in nerve fiber viability and increase in TUNEL-positive cells in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results indicate that TMP not only provides protective effects in an ischemia-like injury model of cultured rat SCs by regulating Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3, but also increases cell survival and suppresses apoptosis in the cold ischemic nerve model after prolonged ischemic exposure for four weeks. Therefore, TMP may be a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for preventing peripheral nervous system ischemic diseases and improving peripheral nerve storage. Uniterms:Tetramethylpyrazine. Schwann cell. Oxygen glucose/deprivation. Peripheral nerve. Ischemia/ experimental study. University of Wisconsin solution.Tetrametilpirazina (TMP), o principal componente do extrato de Ligusticum wallichi Franchat (erva chinesa), apresenta propriedades neuroprotetoras na isquemia. Nesse estudo, avaliamos seus efeitos protetores nas células de Schwann (SC), cultivando-as na presença de condições de depleção de oxigênio da glicose (OGD) e medindo a sobrevivência dos nervos de ratos isquêmicos pelo resfriamento. No modelo de lesão isquêmica em SC induzida por OGD, demonstramos que o tratamento com TMP não somente reduziu as perdas de viabilidade celular induzida por OGD, a morte celular, a apoptose de SC dose-dependente e inibiu a liberação de LDH, mas, também, suprimiu a infra-regulação do Vcl-2 e a supra-regulação de Bax e caspase-3, e inibiu a consequente ativação da caspase-3. No modelo de nervo isquêmico por resfriamento, observamos que a exposição prolongada ao resfriamento por quatro semanas estava, marcadamente, associada com a ausência de SC, com o decréscimo da viabilidade celular e a apoptose em segmentos de nervo incubados na solução da Universidade de Wisconsin apenas. Entretanto, a TMP atenuou o dano no segmento do nervo preservando SC e antagonizando a diminuição da viabilidade da fibra nervosa e o aumento das cé...

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“…When nerve defects exceed 3 cm, a vein conduit graft is less effective in maintaining the growth of nerve axons. 31 In a rabbit model it has been shown that nerve regeneration is enhanced by the distal stump of the transected nerve. This happens mainly because the distal stump of the nerve produces some key factors that promote nerve regeneration as nerve growth factor (NGF).…”

Section: Vein Graftsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction with Autologous Grafts

Schönauer¹,

Marlino²,

Avvedimento³

et al. 2012

Basic Principles of Peripheral Nerve Disorders

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Determining the Maximal Length of a Vein Conduit Used as an Interposition Graft for Nerve Regeneration

Cited by 91 publications

References 2 publications

Schwann-cell cylinders grown inside hyaluronic-acid tubular scaffolds with gradient porosity

Schwann-cell cylinders grown inside hyaluronic-acid tubular scaffolds with gradient porosity

Tetramethylpyrazine protects Schwann cells from ischemia-like injury and increases cell survival in cold ischemic rat nerves

Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction with Autologous Grafts

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