Determining the Inclination of the Kiloparsec-Scale Jet of the Quasar 3C 273 Based on Competition of Mechanisms for the Knot X-ray Emission

Inverse Compton Scattering of Radiation from a Central Source as a Possible Mechanism for the Formation of X-Ray Radiation from Kiloparsec Jets of Core-Dominated Quasars

“…Another reason for which IC/CS is becoming a more attractive mechanism for the formation of X-ray radiation is that the CS radiation at frequencies from radio to millimeter wavelengths is generated in a pc-scale jet (Kovalev et al 2005) and, due to relativistic effects, is amplified in the frame of reference of a kpc-scale jet so that IC/CS contributes to the observed X-ray radiation significantly more than IC/CMB. As was shown for kpc-scale jets of the quasars 3C 273 (Mikhailova et al 2010) and PKS 1127−145 (Butuzova & Pushkarev 2019), IC/CS provides a natural explanation for the observed decrease with distance in the X-ray intensity of knots from the active nucleus and allows one, with a known CS spectrum, to determine both the physical parameters of the knots and the angle between the line of sight and the velocity of the kpc-scale jet Butuzova & Pushkarev (2019). Since a decrease in the X-ray intensity is often observed along the kpc-scale jets of quasars (Harris & Krawczynski 2006;Sambruna et al 2004), this may indicate the widespread occurrence of IC/CS.…”

“…These criteria are met by the following objects: 3C 273, PKS 1127−145, PKS 1045−188, PKS 1510−089. In the framework of IC/CS the angle between the line of sight and the kpc-scale jet of the quasar 3C 273 was determined by Mikhailova et al (2010) from comparison of the integral CS and CMB energy densities rather than by comparing the X-ray flux produced in IC/CS and IC/CMB. Therefore, 3C 273 was left for this study.…”

“…From a comparison of the fluxes of scattered radiation generated due to IC/CS with limitation from the photon spectrum and IC/CMB, it becomes possible to determine the angle between the kpc-scale jet and the line of sight ((see details in Mikhailova et al 2010;Butuzova & Pushkarev 2019) or at least its lower bound (Butuzova & Pushkarev 2019):…”

“…4 (Chartas et al 2000). The magnetic fields under the energy equipartition condition and under the assumption of IC/CMB were estimated using expressions (9) in (Butuzova & Pushkarev 2019) and ( 10) in (Mikhailova et al 2010) (corrected by z and a factor of 0.29), respectively. The obtained values of these parameters are presented in Table 4 and illustrated by Fig.…”

Independent estimates of energies of steep-spectrum radio sources

“…In this way, the estimated ratios of energies for the steep-spectrum radio sources indicate on prevalence of the relativistic particle's energy over the magnetic field energy. Note, from studies the X-ray emission of radio galaxies (with low and great radio power) and quasars a number of authors (Isobe et al 2002, Croston et al 2005, Hardcastle et al 2007, Mikhailova et al 2010, Mingo et al 2012 have concluded that these sources appear to be further from energy equipartition, and the particle's energy exceeds the magnetic field energy in sources.…”