Determining the frequencies of B1, B2, B3 and E alleles of the <i>CSN1S1</i> gene and their effects on milk yield and composition in Saanen goats

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine the frequencies of B1, B2, B3 and E alleles of the CSN1S1 gene and their effects on milk yield and composition in the Saanen goat breed. Milk samples were collected to identify milk composition with Fourier transform ınfrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to characterize the alleles of CSN1S1 gene. The allelic frequencies of the B1, B2, B3 and E alleles were 0.927, 0.073, 0.390, and 0.272, respectively. B1 and B2 alleles did not affect milk yield and composition. B3 allele had significant effects on protein, fat, total solid (TS), solid not fat (SNF), casein and lactose percentages, but not on lactose yield. E allele significantly influenced fat and TS percentages of milk in the Saanen goat breed. The protein (3.58%), fat (3.83%), TS (12.06%), SNF (8.60%) and casein percentages (2.80%) were higher in B3/B3 goats than in B3/NB3 (NB3: non-B3) and NB3/NB3 goats. For E allele, NE/NE (NE: non-E) goats displayed higher fat (4.06%) and TS (12.42%) percentages of milk than their E/E and E/NE counterparts. As a result, the potential for improving milk composition by selecting for B3 and E allele may be significant in Saanen goats. ______________________________________________________________________________________

Identification of CSN1S1 Gene Variations Between Dairy Goat Breeds and its Influence on Milk Protein Fractions in Indonesia

“…The 583bp band was formed by the functioning of both designed primers. On the other hand, the insertion of Interspersed Nuclear Elements (LINE) occurred on the 3' side of the 19 th exon caused the reverse primer was failed to anneal (Dettori et al, 2009;Turhan et al, 2016). The only the forward primer made the DNA polymerase elongate much longer.…”

“…The E allele has moderate, and F has a weak expression in producing αs1 casein quantity. Heterozygous genotypes between A and E or F alleles made an intermediate expression of αs1 casein quantity due to the combination of alleles having strong and weaker expressions (Carillier-Jacquin et al, 2016;Turhan et al, 2016). The quantity of casein κ was highest in the FF genotype.…”

“…The αs1 casein is encoded by the CSN1S1 gene, which is known to be highly polymorphic. The polymorphisms modify nucleotide sequences of the gene aforesaid amino acid changes, incomplete protein, or even altering the casein production (Turhan et al, 2016). Moreover, this casein was related to others by assisting the transport process inside the micelle formation process (Rodrigues et al, 2015).…”