Determining the flux of methane into <scp>H</scp>udson <scp>C</scp>anyon at the edge of methane clathrate hydrate stability

Weinstein, A.; Navarrete, L. C.; Ruppel, Carolyn D.; Weber, Thomas C.; Leonte, Mihai; Kellermann, Matthias Y.; Arrington, Eleanor C.; Valentine, David L.; Scranton, Mary I.; Kessler, J. D.

doi:10.1002/2016gc006421

Cited by 24 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Establishing the link between upper slope seepage and gas hydrate dissociation on the U.S. Atlantic margin will be more difficult since the gas appears to have no thermogenic component like that which assisted with fingerprinting on the West Spitsbergen margin. Furthermore, as noted by Skarke et al [2014], the U.S. Atlantic margin seepage occurs mostly at water depths upslope from the contemporary updip limit of methane hydrate stability, except in Hudson Canyon [Weinstein et al, 2016]. The large percentage of excess heat absorbed by the Atlantic Ocean over the past few decades Levitus et al, 2012] may imply greater dynamism for the GHSZ on upper slopes here than in other ocean basins and may also lead to more rapid downdip migration of the gas hydrate stability field [e.g., Brothers et al, 2014].…”

Section: Reviews Of Geophysicsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Furthermore, as noted by Skarke et al . [], the U.S. Atlantic margin seepage occurs mostly at water depths upslope from the contemporary updip limit of methane hydrate stability, except in Hudson Canyon [ Weinstein et al ., ]. The large percentage of excess heat absorbed by the Atlantic Ocean over the past few decades [ Lee et al ., ; Levitus et al ., ] may imply greater dynamism for the GHSZ on upper slopes here than in other ocean basins and may also lead to more rapid downdip migration of the gas hydrate stability field [e.g., Brothers et al ., ].…”

Section: Climate Susceptibility Of Gas Hydrates By Physiographic Provmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[] gave a conservative estimate of 15–90 Mg yr −1 CH 4 for seafloor flux for the ~570 seeps they describe along 950 km of the Atlantic margin, while Weinstein et al . [] used indirect methods to infer 70–280 Mg yr −1 CH 4 in Hudson Canyon alone. How much, if any, of these emissions originate in dissociating gas hydrate remains unknown.…”

Section: Climate Susceptibility Of Gas Hydrates By Physiographic Provmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described by Kvenvolden [1988b] and considered in numerous observational and modeling studies [e.g., Berndt et al, 2014;Brothers et al, 2014;Davies et al, 2015;Gorman and Senger, 2010;Johnson et al, 2015;Kennett et al, 2003;Marín-Moreno et al, 2015;Marín-Moreno et al, 2013;Mienert et al, 2005;Pecher et al, 2005;Phrampus and Hornbach, 2012;Phrampus et al, 2014;Reagan and Moridis, 2009;Reagan et al, 2011;Ruppel, 2011a;Skarke et al, 2014;Stranne et al, 2016a;Stranne et al, 2016b;Weinstein et al, 2016;Westbrook et al, 2009] gas hydrates within upper continental slope sediments constitute the key marine hydrate population that is susceptible to degradation during ocean warming (Figure 9). The GHSZ vanishes on upper slopes (i.e., the "feather edge" of hydrate stability in Ruppel [2011a]).…”

Section: Upper Continental Slopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The types of exhaustive studies of seafloor CH 4 flux rates that are available for the West Spitsbergen margin have not yet been completed for the U.S. Atlantic or northwestern U.S. Pacific margin seeps. Based on limited bubble observations, Skarke et al [2014] gave a conservative estimate of 15-90 Mg yr À1 CH 4 for seafloor flux for the~570 seeps they describe along 950 km of the Atlantic margin, while Weinstein et al [2016] used indirect methods to infer 70-280 Mg yr À1 CH 4 in Hudson Canyon alone. How much, if any, of these emissions originate in dissociating gas hydrate remains unknown.…”

Section: Reviews Of Geophysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates

Ruppel

Kessler

2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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614

554

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Gas hydrate, a frozen, naturally‐occurring, and highly‐concentrated form of methane, sequesters significant carbon in the global system and is stable only over a range of low‐temperature and moderate‐pressure conditions. Gas hydrate is widespread in the sediments of marine continental margins and permafrost areas, locations where ocean and atmospheric warming may perturb the hydrate stability field and lead to release of the sequestered methane into the overlying sediments and soils. Methane and methane‐derived carbon that escape from sediments and soils and reach the atmosphere could exacerbate greenhouse warming. The synergy between warming climate and gas hydrate dissociation feeds a popular perception that global warming could drive catastrophic methane releases from the contemporary gas hydrate reservoir. Appropriate evaluation of the two sides of the climate‐methane hydrate synergy requires assessing direct and indirect observational data related to gas hydrate dissociation phenomena and numerical models that track the interaction of gas hydrates/methane with the ocean and/or atmosphere. Methane hydrate is likely undergoing dissociation now on global upper continental slopes and on continental shelves that ring the Arctic Ocean. Many factors—the depth of the gas hydrates in sediments, strong sediment and water column sinks, and the inability of bubbles emitted at the seafloor to deliver methane to the sea‐air interface in most cases—mitigate the impact of gas hydrate dissociation on atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations though. There is no conclusive proof that hydrate‐derived methane is reaching the atmosphere now, but more observational data and improved numerical models will better characterize the climate‐hydrate synergy in the future.

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Section: Reviews Of Geophysicsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Climate Susceptibility Of Gas Hydrates By Physiographic Provmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Climate Susceptibility Of Gas Hydrates By Physiographic Provmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Upper Continental Slopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reviews Of Geophysicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates

Ruppel

Kessler

2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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614

554

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Efficient collection and preparation of methane from low concentration waters for natural abundance radiocarbon analysis

Sparrow

Kessler

2017

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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Freshwater and marine environments constitute the largest global reservoirs of the greenhouse gas methane (CH4) and natural abundance radiocarbon measurements (14C‐CH4) can allow for high confidence interpretations about CH4 dynamics operating in these environments. Collecting sufficient amounts of CH4 sample for a standard, high precision 14C‐accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) analysis (∼ 200 μg carbon (C)) was previously unfeasible when sampling from low CH4 concentration waters, such as much of the surface ocean (∼ 2 nM), which would require collecting the CH4 from 8500 L of seawater. The method described here involves pumping 20,000–40,000 L of seawater up from depth through a dissolved gas extraction system, which enables the collection of a sample composed of 100s of L of gas in less than 4 h on station. The large volume extracted gas sample is compressed into a 1.7 L cylinder for transport from the ship to the home laboratory. The home laboratory preparation of each sample to a CH4‐derived carbon dioxide aliquot for 14C‐AMS analysis is carried out in 3 h on a flow‐through vacuum line that simultaneously prepares aliquots for stable isotope analyses (δ13C‐CH4 and δ2H‐CH4). The total process blank of the method is small (5.0 μg CH4‐C) and composes 1.2% of the average collected and prepared sample (424 ± 163 μg, from a recent campaign; n = 16). The 14C‐CH4 blanks prepared on the vacuum line have acceptably low 14C content (0.23 ± 0.07 percent Modern Carbon (pMC); n = 7) relative to the 14C‐dead (0 pMC) CH4 from which they are prepared.

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Multiple gas reservoirs are responsible for the gas emissions along the Marmara fault network

Ruffine

Donval

Croguennec

et al. 2018

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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On continental margins, upward migration of fluids from various sources and various subsurface accumulations, through the sedimentary column to the seafloor, leads to the development of cold seeps where chemical compounds are discharged into the water column. MarsiteCruise was undertaken in November 2014 to investigate the dynamics of cold seeps characterized by vigorous gas emissions in the Sea of Marmara (SoM). Please note that this is an author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available on the publisher Web site. seventeen seeps consist of variable mixtures of different components from two or three sources.

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Determining the flux of methane into Hudson Canyon at the edge of methane clathrate hydrate stability

Cited by 24 publications

References 38 publications

The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates

The interaction of climate change and methane hydrates

Efficient collection and preparation of methane from low concentration waters for natural abundance radiocarbon analysis

Multiple gas reservoirs are responsible for the gas emissions along the Marmara fault network

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