Determining the cost-effectiveness of thermal energy production by air-to-water heat pumps

Abstract

This paper provides a methodology for identifying the cost-effectiveness of thermal energy generation by air-to-water heat pumps. The results of a comparative estimate of the cost of energy received and the profitability of the method under consideration are presented.

Analysis of energy generation by air-water heat pumps for individual building heating systems

“…The temperature factor is a universal indicator of the pump and determines the ability of the pump to pump energy under current conditions. For air-to-water devices, its value, determined by experienced data (Figure 1) matches the formula (5) [8,9]:…”

“…Among the options of heat generators using renewable energy, the most accessible heat pumps "air-water" in which heat is extracted from the outside air and transferred to the heat carrier of the heating system. The main operational feature of such a heat generator is the dependence of the heat performance of the pump and its energy consumption on the temperature of the outdoor air Нi t and the required temperature of the coolant w t [6].…”

“…For a water system with compact heating devices (radiators or convectors) it is accepted at the level +55°С, warm floor heating systems -+35°С [7]. The factor of change in the thermal power of the compressor can be presented as dependencies [6]:…”

“…Temperature ratio dependency tt k a) and power consumption b) tt К N . heat pump from the temperature of the heat-containing environmentThe factor of change in the thermal power of the compressor can be presented as dependencies[6]:…”

Model of the Cost of the Heating System "Warm Floor"

“…Тепловая энергия, содержащаяся в этих источниках, извлекается тепловыми насосами с повышением температурного потенциала с целью использования в теплопотребляющих системах здания -отопления, горячего водоснабжения, вентиляции. Однако, надо иметь в виду, что энергетическая эффективность таких устройств тем выше, чем ниже уровень температуры в греющем контуре устройства [1]. Поэтому применение тепловых насосов более перспективно в системах, не требующих высоких температур теплоносителя.…”