Determining efficacy of a thermally processed exogenous enzyme cocktail for broilers

Abstract

Feed ingredient price has influenced nutritionists to maximize diet nutrient availability through use of exogenous enzymes. Poultry are almost exclusively fed pelleted diets that entails feed being subjected to conditions of high moisture, temperature and pressure that could partially denature added enzymes. Exogenous enzyme efficacy may be decreased or completely lost if enzymes are not able to survive the pelleting process. The objective of the current studies was to properly assess the efficacy of a commercially available exogenous enzyme cocktail subjected to increasing steam conditioning temperatures during pelleting (82, 88, 93 o C). Dietary treatments consisted of nutritionally adequate diets or Positive Control (PC), diets reduced in metabolizable energy (ME) and available phosphorous (AP) or Negative Control (NC), and NC diets with the exogenous enzyme. Study 1 established significant differences between the PC and NC diets (P<0.05). However, the exogenous enzyme cocktail did not improve performance. Study 2 was designed to improve the opportunity for the exogenous enzyme cocktail to demonstrate a benefit. This study utilized increased mixer-added fat addition in the diet formulation that may decrease frictional heat production in the pellet die, and a decreased metabolizable energy difference between the positive and negative control. Again, performance differences were observed between the PC and NC (P<0.05), with no beneficial effect demonstrated for the exogenous enzyme at any temperature (P>0.05). In Study 3, diet formulations were similar to Study 2; however, conditioning temperatures were decreased (71, 77, 82 o C), a thinner die was used for pelleting and an additional unconditioned mash (UCM) treatment was added. Enzyme efficacy was demonstrated for live weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) for UCM (P<0.05) as well as FCR for the 82 o C diets (P=0.07). Performance observations in Study 3 were supported by nitrogen corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) data. Overall, these studies suggest that future evaluations of enzyme cocktail thermostability and subsequent efficacy should consider several manufacturing variables.

Effects of multienzyme complex and probiotic supplementation on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and gut microorganisms composition of snakehead (Channa argus)

“…Furthermore, various vitamins and enzymes secreted by B. amyloliquefaciens could increase the digestibility and absorption of nutrients, thereby considerably enhancing growth, in addition to altering the distribution of microorganisms in the gut (Gangadharan, Sivaramakrishnan, Madhavan, & Pandey, ; Telli et al., ). Also,it is well established that supplementation with exogenous enzyme into feed could not only decrease the burden of the environment through recycling of the feed input (Goda, Mabrouk, Wafa, & El‐Afifi, ; Verdegem, ),but also promoting digestion of animals by transforming feed into small molecules (Beaman, ; Bedford, ). Multienzyme complexes are highlighted as a measure that is considered to improve nutrient digestibility to a greater extent than single enzymes (Francesch & Geraert, ).…”

Practical Strategies to Maximize Cockatiel Health and Broiler Chicken Performance

“…It can be concluded that the thermal conditions of the pelleting process and grinding affected the keratinase recovery and consequent efficacy. Previous research has also shown that feed manufacture can decrease enzyme efficacy [25,26]. show positive effects, however due to decreased activity there were not any significant main effects.…”

“…Also, a larger particle size will reduce prehension energy leading to enhanced broiler performance [20]. Although particle size is important, it is found to be more important in mash diets and not pelleted diets [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. Despite published significant effects of particle size on broiler performance, some literature demonstrates that particle size does not affect performance [22,27].…”