Determining Crystallite Size Using Scherrer Formula, Williamson-Hull Plot, and Particle Size with SEM

Sumadiyasa, Made; Manuaba, Ida Bagus Sujana Manuaba Ir. Ida Bagus Sujana

doi:10.24843/bf.2018.v19.i01.p06

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…535 nm) replacing a bigger Ni ion (r ionic ~0.6 nm). The average crystallite size of the NiCo 2 O 4 calculated using Scherrer's formula [38] is listed in Table 2 Furthermore, NH3 reacts with water to form NH4 + and OH − , and CO2 hydrolyzes to form Co3 2− ions [42]. Tiny crystalline nuclei are created during the oxide crystal development phase, and nanoparticles of this oxide are precipitated by a rise in pH caused by NH4 + ions generated from NH3 owing to urea breakdown at higher temperatures [43,44].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Performance of Aluminum Doped Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 Hierarchical Nanostructure: Experimental and Theoretical Study

et al. 2021

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For electrochemical supercapacitors, nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4) has emerged as a new energy storage material. The electrocapacitive performance of metal oxides is significantly influenced by their morphology and electrical characteristics. The synthesis route can modulate the morphological structure, while their energy band gaps and defects can vary the electrical properties. In addition to modifying the energy band gap, doping can improve crystal stability and refine grain size, providing much-needed surface area for high specific capacitance. This study evaluates the electrochemical performance of aluminum-doped Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) compounds. The Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 samples were synthesized through a hydrothermal method by varying the Al to Ni molar ratio. The physical, morphological, and electrochemical properties of Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 are observed to vary with Al3+ content. A morphological change from urchin-like spheres to nanoplate-like structures with a concomitant increase in the surface area, reaching up to 189 m2/g for x = 0.8, was observed with increasing Al3+ content in Ni1−xAlxCo2O4. The electrochemical performance of Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 as an electrode was assessed in a 3M KOH solution. The high specific capacitance of 512 F/g at a 2 mV/s scan rate, 268 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g, and energy density of 12.4 Wh/kg was observed for the x = 0.0 sample, which was reduced upon further Al3+ substitution. The as-synthesized Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 electrode exhibited a maximum energy density of 12.4 W h kg−1 with an outstanding high-power density of approximately 6316.6 W h kg−1 for x = 0.0 and an energy density of 8.7 W h kg−1 with an outstanding high-power density of approximately 6670.9 W h kg−1 for x = 0.6. The capacitance retention of 97% and 108.52% and the Coulombic efficiency of 100% and 99.24% were observed for x = 0.0 and x = 0.8, respectively. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the band-gap energy of Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 remained largely invariant with the Al3+ substitution for low Al3+ content. Although the capacitance performance is reduced upon Al3+ doping, overall, the Al3+ doped Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 displayed good energy, powder density, and retention performance. Thus, Al3+ could be a cost-effective alternative in replacing Ni with the performance trade off.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Performance of Aluminum Doped Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 Hierarchical Nanostructure: Experimental and Theoretical Study

et al. 2021

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“…Disisi lain, XRD selain dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi fasa juga dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui ukuran kristalit. Ukuran kristalit dapat dihitung menggunakan persamaan Scherrer [10,11].…”

Section: Difraksi Sinar-x (Xrd)unclassified

Pengaruh Rol Dingin Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Material Al 6061-T6

Octadamailah

Nurjaya²,

Suparjdo³

et al. 2021

urania

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PENGARUH PROSES PENGEROLAN DINGIN TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK MATERIAL AL 6061-T6. Proses pembuatan pelat tutup dan pelat bingkai untuk pelat elemen bakar reaktor G.A. Siwabessy dilakukan dengan cara dirol dingin, sehingga dicapai ketebalan yang diinginkan. Pada penelitian sebelumnya, proses pengerolan dingin pada material AlMg2 menyebabkan perubahan sifat mekanik, dimana material menjadi lebih ulet dan kekuatan tariknya menurun. Pada bahan bakar densitas tinggi, material kelongsong Al 6061-T6 akan digunakan untuk menggantikan material kelongsong sebelumnya, yaitu AlMg2. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perubahan sifat mekanik dari material Al 6061-T6 hasil pengerolan. Untuk melihat perubahan sifat mekanik yang terjadi, dilakukan uji tarik, pengamatan mikrostruktur dan struktur kristal. Hasil uji tarik menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan tarik, modulus elastis dan kekuatan luluh cenderung naik seiring dengan besarnya derajat reduksi ketebalan. Meskipun demikian, kekuatan luluh dari hasil pengujian cukup rendah. Rasio antara kekuatan luluh dan kekuatan tariknya hanya 0,7. Dari hasil pemindaian menggunakan difraksi sinar-X diketahui bahwa proses pengerolan dapat menyebabkan penghalusan ukuran kristalit. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini secara umum adalah proses pengerolan dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanik material Al 6061-T6.Kata kunci: Pengerolan dingin, sifat mekanik, Al 6061-T6, kekuatan tarik, modulus elastis.

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“…Penelitian-penelitian lain juga membuktikan bahwa bentuk partikel nanokalsium oksida adalah bulat (Alavi and Morsali, 2010;Mirghiasi et al, 2014). Distribusi ukuran partikel ditentukan menggunakan software Image-J pada hasil SEM (Sumadiyasa and Manuaba, 2018) Pada Gambar 4 tampak puncak intens yang menunjukkan keberadaan Ca, C dan O. Unsur-unsur yang terlibat pada pembentukan nanokalsium oksida ditunjukkan pada Tabel 2, yaitu O (55,83%), C (33,24%), dan Ca (10,94%). Adanya unsur Ca, O dan C merupakan tanda yang menunjukkan nanokalsium oksida telah berhasil disintesis dari cangkang telur.…”

Section: Morfologi Produkunclassified

“…Munculnya sebaran puncak kristal menunjukkan bahwa serbuk nanokalsium oksida yang dihasilkan memiliki struktur polikristalin (Habte et al, 2019;Khan et al, 2018). Penentuan ukuran kristal dihitung dengan menggunakan persamaan Schrerrer (Sumadiyasa and Manuaba 2018;Masruroh et al, 2013) dengan nilai panjang gelombang, intensitas, 2θ, dan Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) yang telah dihasilkan dari uji XRD.…”

Section: Pola Difraksi Produkunclassified

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Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanokalsium Oksida dari Cangkang Telur

Sunardi

Krismawati

Mahayana³

2020

ALCHEMY J.Pen.Kim

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Pencegahan osteoporosis dilakukan dengan mengkonsumsi kalsium. Pada umumnya kalsium yang dikonsumsi dalam bentuk mikro kalsium. Ukuran mikro kalsium hanya diserap tubuh sekitar 50%, sehingga sering menyebabkan defisiensi. Sehingga, teknologi untuk membuat ukuran nanokalsium telah dikembangkan agar penyerapan kalsium dalam tubuh lebih besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis nanokalsium dari cangkang telur yang merupakan limbah industri roti. Sintesis nanokalsium oksida dari cangkang telur dengan metode presipitasi. Sintesis dilakukan dengan mereaksikan cangkang telur yang telah bersih dan kering dengan HCl 2 N. Hasil reaksi dipisahkan dengan penyaringan sehingga diperoleh filtrat. Filtrat yang diperoleh direaksikan dengan NaOH sampai pengendapan tidak terbentuk lagi. Endapan yang diperoleh kemudian dipisahkan, dioven, dan dibakar dalam tanur pada suhu 600 °C selama 1 jam. Serbuk hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan SEM-EDX, XRD dan FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cangkang telur dapat disintesis menjadi nanokalsium oksida berupa kristal berwarna putih. Karakterisasi menggunakan SEM-EDX diperoleh hasil bahwa nanokalsium oksida dari cangkang telur berbentuk speris, teraglomerasi dengan ukuran partikel 12,41582 ± 0,13961 nm, mengandung unsur yaitu O (55,83%), C (33,24%), dan Ca (10,94%). Karakterisasi dengan XRD menunjukkan bahwa ukuran kristal nanokalsium oksida diperoleh hasil sebesar 10,46 nm. Karakterisasi dengan FTIR diperoleh puncak pada bilangan gelombang 1477,54 cm-1, 1053,15 cm-1, 8863,68 cm-1 dan ikatan Ca-O pada bilangan gelombang 512 cm-1.Synthesis and Characterization of Nano-Calcium Oxide from Eggshells. Consumption of calcium can prevent osteoporosis. Usually, calcium is consumed in the form of micro calcium. The micro size calcium is only absorbed by the body at around 50%, causing calcium deficiency. Therefore, technology to produce nano-size calcium has been developed to increase the amount of adsorption. This study aims to synthesize nano calcium from eggshells as a solid waste of bread industries. The synthesis was conducted by precipitation method. The synthesis was carried out by reacting clean and dry eggshells with HCl 2 N, and then followed by filtering to obtain the filtrate. The filtrate obtained was reacted with NaOH until the calcium was precipitated. The precipitate obtained was then separated, roasted, and burned in a furnace at 600 °C for 1 hour. The synthesized powders were characterized using SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR. The results showed that eggshells could be synthesized into nano-calcium oxide in the form of white crystals. Characterization using SEM-EDX showed that nano-calcium oxide from spherical eggshells, agglomerated with the particle size of 12.41582 ± 0.13961 nm, with elemental content of O (55.83%), C (33.24%), and Ca (10.94%). Characterization with XRD shows that the size of nano calcium oxide crystals was 10.46 nm. Characterization with FTIR shows peak at wavenumbers 1477.54 cm-1, 1053.15 cm-1, 8863.68 cm-1, and the Ca-O bond reveals at 512 cm-1.

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Determining Crystallite Size Using Scherrer Formula, Williamson-Hull Plot, and Particle Size with SEM

Cited by 27 publications

References 4 publications

Electrochemical Performance of Aluminum Doped Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 Hierarchical Nanostructure: Experimental and Theoretical Study

Electrochemical Performance of Aluminum Doped Ni1−xAlxCo2O4 Hierarchical Nanostructure: Experimental and Theoretical Study

Pengaruh Rol Dingin Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Material Al 6061-T6

Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Nanokalsium Oksida dari Cangkang Telur

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