Determining and Modeling Dominant Processes of Interrill Soil Erosion

Zhang, X. C.

doi:10.1029/2018wr023217

Cited by 31 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Additionally, the sediment concentration of the sand-covered slope experienced little change when it began to generate runoff. Due to the weakened soil anti-erodibility and abundance of soil, the soil erosion process of sand-covered slopes was limited by the sediment transport capacity [24,25] .…”

Section: Soil Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of Aeolian Sand and Slope on Runoff and Soil Loss on a Loess Slope via Simulated Rainfall under Laboratory Conditions

Ren

Pan

et al. 2023

Water

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The wind–water erosion crisscross region, where the topography is complicated, is the most severe area of soil erosion on the Loess Plateau. The wind and terrain both have an impact on the soil water erosion process. In order to evaluate the effects of sand cover on runoff and soil loss characteristics, a series of experiments was conducted in two contrasting treatments. One treatment was a bare loess soil slope serving as the control, and the others were sand-covered loess slopes with five different slopes. The results showed that the runoff time, total runoff yield, and total soil loss were different between the sand-covered slope and the loess slope on the slope of 15°. The sediment concentration of the sand-covered slope was significantly higher than that of the loess slope during the entire rainfall process (p < 0.05). The increase in the slope gradient shortened the surface runoff initiation times and enhanced the total runoff volume and soil loss. The total runoff volume and the total soil loss were 39.7 L and 44.3 kg, respectively, on the sand-covered slope of 10°. When the slope gradient increased from 10° to 30°, the total runoff volume and the total soil loss increased by 22.8 L and 42.8 kg, respectively, while the surface runoff initiation times shortened by 300 s. For the sand-covered slopes, the erosion processes appeared to be mainly dominated by sediment transport. The correlation between soil loss rates and slope gradients demonstrated the secondary polynomial function. In addition, the critical slope of sand-covered slopes was from approximately 23° to 28°. The proportion of sand cover and slope responsible for soil erosion was 3:1, which means the wind effect was more important than the terrace factor in terms of soil water erosion in the wind–water erosion crisscross region. The results provide a theoretical basis for soil erosion control in this area.

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Section: Soil Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction of Aeolian Sand and Slope on Runoff and Soil Loss on a Loess Slope via Simulated Rainfall under Laboratory Conditions

Ren

Pan

et al. 2023

Water

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“…We simply call for further investigations. These investigations could advantageously make use of the recent advances in computational fluid dynamics (Nouhou Bako et al, 2016, 2019.…”

Section: Mechanisms That Could Increase the Settling Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In interrill areas, raindrop impacts and sheet flow are the main soil erosion drivers. Although their respective role and their interactions have driven many research works, it remains a subject of debate (Kinnell, 2005; Zhang, 2019). Numerous works have shown that the impacts of raindrops are a major contributor to sediment detachment for sheet flow (Moss, 1988; Moss & Green, 1983; Proffitt & Rose, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of raindrops increase particle sedimentation in a sheet flow

Nouhou‐Bako

Cottenot

Courtemanche

et al. 2022

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Interrill erosion is driven by raindrops and sheet flow. Raindrop impacts cause sediment detachment and splash, but can also affect flow transport. Even if these processes have been studied for long, the actual effect of raindrop impacts on particle settling velocities has not been experimentally assessed. This leads to unconstrained adjustments in the soil erosion models, the settling velocity of particles being a freely adjustable parameter allowing for better fitting the particle flux measured at the outlet. To address the effect of raindrop impacts on the settling of particles in sheet flow, a laboratory flume experiment was designed, using an upstream feeder of sediment (100–200 μm) and simulated rainfalls. It reproduced conditions close to sheet flow, while not allowing for the detachment of particles from the flume bottom. Two series of experiments were run: a series with a high rainfall intensity (175 mm/h) generated by an oscillating‐nozzle rainfall simulator, and a series with lower rainfall intensities (10, 15, 25, 35, 55 mm/h) generated by a drop‐former rainfall simulator. When a rainfall was applied, it systematically decreased the sediment concentration at the outflow compared to the no rain condition; however, no obvious relationship was found with the rainfall intensity. This shows that raindrop impacts increase particle settling velocities in sheet flow. Two underlying mechanisms are suggested, related to the momentum of the raindrops or to the turbulence caused by the raindrops into the flow. Further studies should be carried out, using computational fluid dynamics and collaboration with the fluid mechanics community.

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“…Development of process‐based models is a key research focus in water related research areas. In this context, the functioning of a hydrologic system is often depicted through a model that embeds various components, each associated with a mathematical formulation representing a given system process (Antonetti et al., 2016, 2017; Clark et al., 2015; Montanari & Koutsoyiannis, 2012; Zhang, 2019). Improving the performance of process‐based models requires identification of important processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%