Determining a model of the blade in a wind turbine for regions with low wind speeds

Abstract

The object of research is the shape of the blade of a vertical-axis installation. The problem solved in this work is to find the optimal shape of the blade for a wind power installation for operation at low wind speeds or in areas where its flow is limited. In the course of the work, the interaction between each blade option and the wind flow depending on the shape of the blade was considered. With the help of a reduced model of the wind turbine, a flat blade, a blade with a «pocket», and a blade with a «pocket» and a slit were tested. The test results prove the effectiveness of the designed and manufactured blade with a «pocket» and a slit. This was confirmed by the study results, according to which, during the experiment, the number of revolutions of a wind turbine with blades made with a «pocket» and a slit was the largest. In comparison with flat-shaped blades, the increase was 20 %, and, in comparison with blades with a «pocket», the increase was 10 %. In order to compare wind turbines that have flat-shaped blades and blades with a «pocket» and a slit, experimental studies and calculations of the power factor Ср were carried out. A flat-blade wind wheel has Ср1=24; a blade with a «pocket» – Ср2=52.9; a blade that has a «pocket» and a slit – Cp3=58.7. Therefore, one can assume that the power generated by the wind wheel with the above blades is also the largest, Р3=98 W, compared to two other shapes of blades: flat, P1=32.3 W; with a «pocket», Р2=88.2 W. It would increase during the test time from zero speed to reaching a constant rotational speed. The studies confirm that the wind wheel, which has blades with a «pocket» and a slit, has the highest speed of rotation over the entire period of time when measurements were performed