Determinations of the fire smoke layer height in a naturally ventilated room

Lai, Chi Ming; Chen, Chien Jung; Tsai, Ming Ju; Tsai, Meng Han; Lin, Ta Hui

doi:10.1016/j.firesaf.2013.01.015

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Substituting typical velocity scale of prototype equation (16) and typical velocity scale of model equation (18) into equations (9) and (10) respectively, the relation of Re f /Re m is given by equation 22…”

Section: Determination Of Reduced Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors mainly focused on the effect of ventilation systems, 15 the natural smoke filling process 16 and the impact of the make-up air. 17 Lai et al 18 measured the influence of the natural ventilation on smoke layer descent, and the results indicated that a room with a natural ventilation shaft could control the smoke layer in a fire better than rooms without a shaft. Fong et al 19 studied the thermal smoke layer environment under the ceiling space of an atrium using two scaled models with various shapes, and found that the configuration of the ceiling would directly affect the maximum height of the smoke layer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fang et al 20 conducted a scaled-down experiment to demonstrate the early fire movement and pointed out that the thermally stratified environment could intensify the temperature and the velocities of a fire plume until it terminated at a certain height. Previous studies, [15][16][17][18][19][20] including full-scale and reduced-scale experiments, have made great achievements in studying a fire case in atria. However, there are many questions about the use of these two methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fire dynamics in one building is not necessarily the same as that in another, especially for atria with complex construction. Although many full-scale studies have been conducted in state key laboratory, such as the PolyU/USTC Atrium project, [15][16][17][18][19][20] it remains unjustifiable to apply the general findings to a certain specific building. Besides, studies on atria through full-scale facilities are too expensive to be implemented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parametrization of the fire-smoke exhaust system for a large and high-rise atrium in Shanghai through salt-bath experiment

Wang

Gui

Gao

et al. 2016

Indoor and Built Environment

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Present specifications in Building Codes in China lack design parameters for smoke exhaust for large and high-rise atrium in buildings. An investigation of natural smoke filling and parametrization of fire-smoke exhaust in an atrium building in Shanghai was conducted based on salt-bath experiment, due to dynamic analogy between thermal smoke movement in air and brine dispersion in water. To obtain a small, scaled-down version of an atrium with a high polyfoam fire up to 1 MW, the brine-bath experiment was conducted with calcium chloride for small strength fire in small-space rooms, to demonstrate the natural smoke filling within the atrium. The interface height and filling time derived was highly comparable to those obtained by empirical equations. The results of computational fluid dynamics simulations agreed well with the salt-bath experiments. The evacuation time was also calculated with a dimensionless interface height of 0.2 to determine whether there was sufficient time for occupants to escape. The smoke filling process under mechanical smoke exhaust was also investigated by experiments, to parametrize the fire smoke exhaust system in the atrium. The optimal smoke exhaust level, natural and mechanical make-up level were determined and were recommended as the design parameters for the construction of atrium in buildings.

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Section: Determination Of Reduced Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Parametrization of the fire-smoke exhaust system for a large and high-rise atrium in Shanghai through salt-bath experiment

Wang

Gui

Gao

et al. 2016

Indoor and Built Environment

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“…A few cases implemented full-scale validation; most of the official fire protection organs used the FDS simulation results as the unique judgment criteria of building fire safety [21, 22]. This study discusses the cooling effect of water spray system on the designated space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Cooling Performance of Water Spraying Systems during a Fire

Chen

Tseng

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

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The water spray systems are effective protection systems in the confined or unconfined spaces to avoid the damage to building structures since the high temperature when fires occur. NFPA 15 and 502 have suggested respectively that the factories or vehicle tunnels install water spray systems to protect the machinery and structures. This study discussed the cooling effect of water spray systems in experimental and numerical analyses. The actual combustion of woods were compared with the numerical simulations. The results showed that although the flame continued, the cooling effects by water spraying process within 120 seconds were obvious. The results also indicated that the simulation results of the fifth version Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) overestimated the space temperature before water spraying in the case of the same water spray system.

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Physical Processes in Natural Ventilation

Shi,

Zhang

2024

Green Energy and Technology

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Determinations of the fire smoke layer height in a naturally ventilated room

Cited by 20 publications

References 23 publications

Parametrization of the fire-smoke exhaust system for a large and high-rise atrium in Shanghai through salt-bath experiment

Parametrization of the fire-smoke exhaust system for a large and high-rise atrium in Shanghai through salt-bath experiment

Experimental and Numerical Analysis of the Cooling Performance of Water Spraying Systems during a Fire

Physical Processes in Natural Ventilation

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