Determination of36Cl and12C-to-14C ratios on spent moderator ion-exchange resins from Bruce Nuclear Generating Station A

Moir, Deborah; Tarr, Allan W.; Ross, K J; Delaney, H. G.

doi:10.1007/bf02163789

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Precipitated AgCl should be dissolved before mixing with the cocktail to avoid serious quenching by dispersed AgCl particles. Concentrated NH 3 has been widely used to dissolve AgCl, ,, but this is only suitable for samples containing less than 50 mg of chlorine. Samples derived from graphite, in which HClO 4 was used in the dissolution process, contain more than 350 mg of Cl/0.2 g of original graphite and need more than 10 mL of 25% NH 3 to dissolve the AgCl completely.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many chemical separation procedures for the determination of 36 Cl have been reported previously. Most of these rely on volatilizing chlorine at high temperatures, followed by precipitating AgCl, and dissolving the precipitate with ammonium. − …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analytical methods reported for the determination of 36 Cl have focused on ion-exchange resins, evaporator concentrates, concrete and water from nuclear facilities, − and biological and environmental samples such as soil, lichens, bones, and water. ,− A few methods have been reported for determining 36 Cl in graphite, , but it has not been possible to reproduce these to obtain reliable results. No method has been reported for the determination of 36 Cl in steel, aluminum, lead, and heavy concrete.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Determination of³⁶Cl in Nuclear Waste from Reactor Decommissioning

2007

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An analytical method for the determination of 36Cl in nuclear waste such as graphite, heavy concrete, steel, aluminum, and lead was developed. Several methods were investigated for decomposing the samples. AgCl precipitation was used to separate 36Cl from the matrix elements, followed by ion-exchange chromatography to remove interfering radionuclides. The purified 36Cl was then measured by liquid scintillation counting. The chemical yield of chlorine, as measured by ICPMS, is above 70% and the decontamination factors for all interfering radionuclides are greater than 10(6). The detection limit of this analytical method for 36Cl is 14 mBq. The method has been used to determine 36Cl in heavy concrete, aluminum, and graphite from the Danish DR-2 research reactor.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of³⁶Cl in Nuclear Waste from Reactor Decommissioning

2007

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“…The interest in the determination of 36 Cl in nuclear waste results from the long half life of 36 Cl and its high mobility in the environment, while the purpose of determination of 36 Cl in the environmental sample normally focus on the application of this radionuclide as a environmental tracer. 36 Cl is a pure beta particle emitter with a high energy (E max = 708.6 keV, 98.1%), it is therefore mainly measured by beta counting such as LSC [129,130,[136][137][138][139][140][141]. The reported detection limit of LSC for 36 C is 14 mBq using Quantulus TM low level LSC for 50 min counting time [136].…”

Section: Chlorine-36mentioning

confidence: 99%