Determination of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) in Rambutan Fruit cv. Rongrian by HPLC-ELSD and Separation of GABA from Rambutan Fruit Using Dowex 50W-X8 Column

Abstract

A high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) was validated for the determination of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in rambutan fruit without any sample pretreatment or derivatization. In the concentration range of 0.05-1.0 mg/mL GABA, the ELSD response was linear with a correlation coefficient (r) >0.999. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.7 and 2.0 µg/mL, respectively. The method enabled the complete separation of GABA in the aqueous extract of rambutan flesh from the impurity peaks at 45.7 min. The recoveries of sample added GABA were obtained in the range of 92.0-99.3%. Intraday and interday relative standard deviations were <5.3%. Repeatability of the extraction process showed the acceptable precision. From the analysis of GABA content in rambutan flesh, 0.71 ± 0.23 mg of GABA was found in 1 g fresh weight. The recovery of GABA after passing through the Dowex 50W-X8 column was 96.65%. The analytical methodology could be potentially applied to the detection and quantification of GABA in other fruits and complex matrices when a sufficient quantity is available.

Determination of ϒ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in jujube fruit (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)

“…DW, while ZDZ had the lowest of 51.16 µg.g −1 .FW or 150.31 µg.g −1 .DW. The concentrations of GABA in some fruits have been reported previously, such as rambutan 710 µg.g −1 .FW (Meeploy & Deewatthanawong, 2016), strawberry 1560-3640 µg.g −1 .FW (Deewatthanawong et al, 2010), grape 146 µg.g −1 .FW (Ramesh et al, 2017), loquat 15.6-36.4 µg.g −1 .FW (Cao et al, 2012), logan 1998 µg.g −1 (Zhou et al, 2016) and litchi 1700-3500 µg.g −1 .FW (Zi- Chen et al, 2016). Compared with these fruits, jujube fruit contains a relatively low amount of GABA.…”

“…These functions of GABA are quite similar to those which have been described following consumption of jujube fruit. The concentrations of GABA in some fruits have been reported previously, including rambutan (Meeploy & Deewatthanawong, 2016), strawberry (Deewatthanawong, Nock, & Watkins, 2010), grape (Ramesh, Tyerman, Gilliham, & Xu, 2017), loquat (Cao, Cai, Yang, & Zheng, 2012), logan (Zhou, Ndeurumio, Zhao, & Hu, 2016) and litchi (Zi-Chen et al, 2016). However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have been previously reported the presence of GABA in jujube.…”

“…GABA is a non-proteinaceous amino acid, and it is widely distributed in species ranging from microorganisms to vertebrates and plants (Meeploy & Deewatthanawong, 2016). It has been recognized as a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS) of vertebrates, playing a key role in maintaining mental health (Katsuno et al, 2015).…”

Site‐directed mutagenesis improves the practical application of L‐glutamic acid decarboxylase inEscherichia coli

“…An SBA-40E biosensor was used to monitor the glucose and L-glutamate concentrations in the fermentation and transformation processes, respectively. The high-performance liquid phase was used to monitor the concentration of GABA before and after GAD mutation according to the method specified by Meeploy and Deewatthanawong, Wang et al [30,31].…”

Nipecotic-Acid-Tethered, Naphthalene-Diimide-Based, Orange-Emitting Organic Nanoparticles as Targeted Delivery Vehicle and Diagnostic Probe toward GABAA-Receptor-Enriched Cancer Cells

“…Fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) is principally mediated by the ubiquitous neurotransmitter GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) and its synaptic target, the type A GABA receptor (GABA A R). − The GABA A R is a channel-forming protein that decreases the neuronal excitability by allowing the passage of chloride ions into the cells. − A dysfunction in GABA A R signaling triggers various hyperactive neurological disorders and mental illnesses including Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, anxiety, and insomnia. − The GABA A R is a prolific target in therapeutics for a diverse array of drugs, including benzodiazepines, barbiturates, anesthetics, and ethanol, that act through distinct binding sites. − Variety of methods have been developed for the detection of GABA, based on in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), microdialysis, electrochemical and piezoelectric methods, genetically encoded sensor, nanomaterials-based sensor etc. − However, GABA A R-targeted diagnostic methods are still lacking because they have poor spatiotemporal resolution, are time consuming, and have low sensitivity. , Nonetheless, reported methods for the cellular transporting of GABAergic drugs along with cellular imaging/labeling techniques are really scarce. To this end, FONPs can serve as an emerging probe for bioimaging as well as cellular transportation of cargos.…”