Determination of β‐Glucuronidases

Fishman, William H.

doi:10.1002/9780470110331.ch3

Cited by 45 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…Measurement of β-glucuronidase activity : According to the Fishman method, 21 phenolphthalein glucoglycane glycyrrhizic acid was used as the substrate, kept warm under pH 7.0 (bacterial) and hydrolyzed by β-glucuronidase. Phenolphthalein was colored in an alkaline solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying in vivo and in vitro effects of a novel polyvinyl benzyl chloride-D-glucaro-1, 4-lactonate polymer-coated bile duct stent for anti-biliary mud deposition

Zhang

Kanwal

Batool

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials

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Background: We aim to coat a novel polyvinyl benzyl chloride-D-glucaro-1, 4-lactonate polymer-coated bile duct stent for anti-biliary mud deposition and investigate its in vivo and in vitro impacts. Biliary mud deposition is a leading cause of plastic biliary stent obstruction after its placement. Orally administrated D-glucaro-1, 4-lactonate is a specific competitive inhibitor of β-glucuronidase that causes biliary mud deposition. Methods: In this study, the stents coated with polyvinyl benzyl chloride-D-glucaro-1,4-lactonate polymer (PVBC-DGL) were placed in an ex vivo bile duct model perfused with porcine bile and observed every week until completely blocked. Post establishing the model of bile duct stenosis in piglets, stents are observed through endoscopy, hematology, patency time, and pathological changes within 6 months. Results: The 70% PVBC-DGL stents achieved the highest percentage of the inhibitory effect when the drugs were completely released in vitro. Results were obtained from 14 pigs (5: no coating (original), 4: 0% coating, and 5: 70% coating). The overall patency time of the stents was prolonged in all groups; however, the group with 70% coated stents showed a significantly prolonged patency time as compared to no coating (original) and the 0% coating groups in pigs (23.4 ± 1.8 vs 11.2 ± 2.1 w ( p = 0.05); 23.4 ± 1.8 vs 10.5 ± 2.5 w ( p = 0.05), respectively). Conclusion: The stents with 70% PVBC-DGL better prevent and control the deposition of bile mud and prolong the patency time of stent placement in the subject animals and may be proposed for further clinical trials in patients.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying in vivo and in vitro effects of a novel polyvinyl benzyl chloride-D-glucaro-1, 4-lactonate polymer-coated bile duct stent for anti-biliary mud deposition

Zhang

Kanwal

Batool

et al. 2022

Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials

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“…The biochemical markers were analyzed using commercial enzyme kits (Randox Laboratories). The AST and ALT were determined using previously described method 24 , while, ALP, total albumin, total serum cholesterol, serum urea and serum creatinine were determined using the respective methods [25][26][27][28][29]…”

Section: Determination Of Biochemical Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Loranthus micranthus Linn. on Biochemical Profile of Wistar Rats Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei

2023

TJNPR

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Thus, the need for the development of affordable, safe and effective drugs for the treatment of trypanosomiasis has resulted in the study of medicinal plants that have an anti-trypanosomal effect. Several herbal medicines have been discovered as good trypanosides. 10,11 But, this use of L. micranthus is yet to be authenticated. African mistletoe (L. micranthus) is an obligate semi-parasite that depends on its host to obtain water and minerals but can carry out photosynthesis. 12 Trees such as Kola acuminata, Kola nitida, magnifera indica, Azadirachta indica, Jatropha curcas and persia sp are the host on which L. micranthus could grow. 13 It is commonly seen in the tropical rainforest region of Africa, Europe and America. 14 African mistletoes constitute several species with the Loranthus being the most common in Nigeria. This specie has been used traditionally by the people in Nigeria as an anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, anti-diabetic and indeed as an all-purpose herb. 15 The herb has been analyzed and observed to contain many anti-nutrients. 16 It is used as alternative medicine in the treatment of epilepsy, headache, infertility, menopausal syndrome and rheumatism. 17 It is equally used in many parts of West Africa as an anti-microbial and antiplasmodial agent. 18 In recent times, herbal medicines have become indispensable and are forming an integral part of the primary health care system of many nations. The practices of herbal medicines have produced results of proven efficacies compared to orthodox medicine. 19 However, the quest for better, safe and affordable drugs has triggered more research into herbal drugs, which led to the introduction of herbal preparations for therapeutic uses. In recent times, herbal medicines have become indispensable and are forming an integral part of the primary health care system of many nations. Furthermore, the gains from herbal medicine, especially in developing countries, were inadequate due to lack of scientific basis, warranting that the quality and consistency of the alternative medicines be ascertained and maintained for their maximal

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Isolation and characterization of Brush border fragments from mosquito mesenterons

Houk

Arcus

Hardy

1986

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Brush border fragments were isolated from homogenates of mesenterons from the mosquito, Culex tarsalis, by a combination of Ca2+ precipitation and differential centrifugation. These preparations were routinely enriched seven-to eightfold for the brush border marker enzyme, leucine aminopeptidase. Alkaline phosphatase, a putative brush border marker for both vertebrate and invertebrate brush borders, was found to be unsuitable for Cx. tarsalis. lsoelectric focusing electrophoresis coupled with histochemical enzyme detection was used to enumerate isozymic species of nonspecific esterases [3], leucine aminopeptidase [I], and alkaline phosphatase [ I ] in isolated brush border fragments. Leucine aminopeptidase activity was solubilized by papain digestion, suggesting an extrinsic active site for this membrane-bound enzyme. The predominant nonspecific esterase isozyme remained membrane-bound. Conventional staining (ie, Coomassie Blue and silver) of proteins separated by isoelectric focusing, sodium dodecylsulfate, and two-dimensional electrophoresis indicated a simple pattern for brush border fragments, with two proteins predominating among the 11-14 routinely detected.

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Determination of β‐Glucuronidases

Cited by 45 publications

References 144 publications

Studying in vivo and in vitro effects of a novel polyvinyl benzyl chloride-D-glucaro-1, 4-lactonate polymer-coated bile duct stent for anti-biliary mud deposition

Studying in vivo and in vitro effects of a novel polyvinyl benzyl chloride-D-glucaro-1, 4-lactonate polymer-coated bile duct stent for anti-biliary mud deposition

Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Loranthus micranthus Linn. on Biochemical Profile of Wistar Rats Infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Isolation and characterization of Brush border fragments from mosquito mesenterons

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