Determination of xanthine oxidase inhibition in stingless bee honey from different botanical origin

Abstract

Malaysian stingless bee honey or locally known as kelulut honey is a natural substance that have been widely explored for their great nutritional and therapeutic values. Modern beekeeping practices in different botanical areas have produced different types of honey that has influence on their physical and chemical composition as well as their biological activity. The main objective of this research is to investigate in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme inhibition of honey produced by Heterotrigona itama species obtained from different botanical origins; (acacia, coconut, mangrove, starfruit, multifruits and multiflowers). In addition, the phytochemical composition was analyzed using spectrophotometric. The result revealed that honey from mangrove area displayed highest phytochemical composition (phenolic and flavonoid) with the value of 34.23 mg GAE/100g and 31.02 mg RE/100g of honey, respectively. The XO inhibitory activity (IC50 values) of all tested honeys were ranging from 30 to 185 mg/ml. As a conclusion, kelulut honey exhibited good potentials towards the inhibition of xanthine oxidase activities and also suggest a practical value for surveying natural inhibitors for clinical purpose.

Comparative Study of the Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Two Types of Moroccan Euphorbia Entire Honey and Their Phenolic Extracts

“…E. officinarum pure honey and phenolic extract exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition: >99% for both of them. According to some authors [42], honey is an important inhibitor of xanthine oxidase depending on the floral source and the phenolic contents. Moreover, the ROS are generated by the reaction catalyzed by xanthine oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and at the end the uric acid, responsible for several diseases [40].…”

Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition

“…In our previous study, four compounds including corilagin, geraniin, ellagic acid, and myricetrin were identified as XO inhibitors that were screened from Geranium wilfordii , a commonly used traditional medicine (He et al., 2019). In addition, the in vitro XO inhibitory activities of the extracts of walnut (Wang et al., 2015), faba bean (Choudhary & Mishra, 2019), cocoa leaves (Irondi, Olanrewaju, Oboh, Olasupo, & Boligon, 2017), sardinian honeys (Di Petrillo et al., 2018), kelulut honey (Majid, Fadzelly Abu Bakar, & Mian, 2019), bee pollen (Wang et al., 2018), butterfly pea flower (Mehmood et al., 2019), and onion (Ouyang, Hou, Peng, Liu, & Deng, 2018) have been confirmed and mostly attributed to the abundant polyphenols in them. It must be admitted that few new active structures have been found in most of the recent investigated extracts.…”

Melissopalynological Study, Phenolic Compounds, and Antioxidant Properties of Heterotrigona itama Honey from Johor, Malaysia

“…is natural product is additionally well known for its high therapeutic and nutritional value [3][4][5][6]. Generally, honey consists mainly of glucose and fructose sugars and includes about 200 bioactive substances, including minerals, vitamins enzymes, organic acids, proteins, and phytochemicals [7].…”