Determination of water quality of Ganga River System in Himalayan region, referencing indexing techniques

Matta, Gagan; Kumar, Avinash; Nayak, Anjali; Kumar, Pawan; Kumar, Amit; Tiwari, Ashwani Kumar

doi:10.1007/s12517-020-05999-z

Cited by 51 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…All physicochemical parameters of the water in the Tyśmienica River catchment meet the second class quality standards and have a good ecological status. Similar results were obtained for the Ganga river system, where the water met drinking water standards (Matta et al, 2017 , 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The assessment of the amount of water pollution and its suitability for drinking of the Tyśmienica River Basin, Poland

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2021

Environ Monit Assess

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The quality and potability of waters of the Tyśmienica River Basin were determined in 2017 at eight measuring stations. The paper presents analyses of the physical and chemical parameters of surface waters of the basin. With regard to suspended solids, pH value, electric conductivity, sulphates, ammonia, chlorides and phosphate, the water was classified as having a very good ecological status. In the case of Kjeldahl nitrogen, the waters were classified as having a good ecological status. In the case of the remaining parameters, i.e. BOD, DO, TOC and COD, the status varied among stations. The values of all the physical and chemical parameters complied with the values for undisturbed conditions. Only ammonia and COD showed significant differences among stations. The WPI values for each measuring point ranged from 0.90 to 1.56, what corresponds to the descriptive indicators of moderately polluted water. The high concentrations of COD and TOC indicate that high-performance treatment processes (category A3) must be used to ensure that the water is suitable for drinking.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The assessment of the amount of water pollution and its suitability for drinking of the Tyśmienica River Basin, Poland

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2021

Environ Monit Assess

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“…In the present study physiochemical parameters namely pH, were considered for computing WQI for river Parbati. The weighted arithmetic index method was adopted by many researchers [34,35] and the equation used is, where W n = unit weight of nth parameters, q n = sub-index or quality rating for the ith parameter.…”

Section: Appraisal Of Water Quality Index (Wqi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of multivariate statistical analysis and water quality index for quality characterization of Parbati River, Northwestern Himalaya, India

et al. 2021

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The present study is an attempt to accomplish the understanding of the factors impacting Parbati river water quality in Kullu district of Himachal Pradesh. The main objective is to assess the overall water quality, to explore its hydrogeochemical characteristics including major ion contents and other chemical parameters using Water Quality Index (WQI), statistical techniques (principal component analysis) and conventional graphical representation such as Piper trilinear diagram, Durov. Eighteen surface water samples were collected from different altitudinal sites to analyze physico-chemical parameters for June 2019 and September 2019. Analytical outcomes of thirty-six surface water samples collected in Pre-monsoon and Post-monsoon seasons are well within the permissible limits as per BIS, 2012 and WHO 2011 for drinking and domestic purposes. Water quality characterization for the assigned use shows that maximum surface water samples fall under excellent to good water quality index and are suitable for drinking without conventional treatment. The Piper trilinear diagram classified 100% of surface water samples for both seasons’ falls in the fields of Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3− water type indicating temporary hardness. Abundance of ions in the water samples is in the order: anions HCO3−>Cl−>SO42−>NO3− and cations Mg2+>Ca2+>Na+>K+. PCA identifies that the surface water chemistry is influenced by natural factors as well as minor anthropogenic activities in both the seasons. The correlation matrix has been prepared to analyse and observe the significance of the factors on the assessment of river water quality. Periodic assessment of surface water samples of the Parbati river and adjoining areas should be carried out. This approach will help in finding out any contamination of water occurring due to rapid socio-economic development as well as explosion of tourism industry in the region. Present study will work as baseline database for any future work in the region.

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“…In this regard, various developmental activities (i.e. construction of roads and dams at the upstream region of the Himalayas) and discharge of agricultural wastes in the river reported as critical sources of contaminations (Matta et al 2018c(Matta et al , 2020c.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appraisal of spatial–temporal variation and pollution source estimation of Ganga River system through pollution indices and environmetrics in Upper Ganga basin

et al. 2022

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National river of India, Ganga River, nurturing ecological, economic, and socio-cultural aspects defining the last long history of country. Forming the largest catchment, fulfil the needs of millions of people for fresh water used in domestic, agriculture, commercial and industrial sectors. Therefore, River Ganga is always the center of attraction to the administrative authorities, institutions, academicians and researchers for its quality issues. The periodically examination of the river water quality for its conservation, restoration or rejuvenation is essential and conducted by many researcher on different quality aspects. The aim of the present investigation is to estimates the spatio-temporal variability in the Ganga River System's hydrology in upstream regions in the Himalayan Region of Uttarakhand state, India. The result clearly explains considerable variation in water quality index (WQI: 29.39–71.60) screening seasonal variation, defining the deterioration of water quality (WQ) of Ganga River from good to moderate polluted level through the overall index of pollution (OIP). Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) has implied to identify the pollution sources. The PCA generates seven components and contributes (85.1%) to influencing river water's hydrochemistry. These outcomes give detailed information to understand the water quality affecting factors in the Ganga River system. The management and remedial practices are an urgent task required to conserve WQ in the upstream region to check WQ's further deterioration in the future.

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Determination of water quality of Ganga River System in Himalayan region, referencing indexing techniques

Cited by 51 publications

References 38 publications

The assessment of the amount of water pollution and its suitability for drinking of the Tyśmienica River Basin, Poland

The assessment of the amount of water pollution and its suitability for drinking of the Tyśmienica River Basin, Poland

Application of multivariate statistical analysis and water quality index for quality characterization of Parbati River, Northwestern Himalaya, India

Appraisal of spatial–temporal variation and pollution source estimation of Ganga River system through pollution indices and environmetrics in Upper Ganga basin

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