Determination of Water Injection Zonal Allocation From Distributed Temperature Sensing Data

Mehtiyev, Nijat; Rahman, Mahmoodur; Bourgoyne, Dwayne A.

doi:10.2118/153809-ms

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…• Compare data from downhole fiber optic distributed temperature sensors against modeled zonal flow in real time to determine and alter zonal allocation of flow from producing wells or into injector wells (Mehtiyev et al, 2012).…”

Section: Fig 5: Real-time Streaming Integration Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Streaming Data Management as a Platform for Large-Scale Mission Critical Sensor Network Applications.

Beggs¹,

Abadie²

2013

All Days

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Oil and gas operators must process, analyze, and react in real time to increasing volumes and rates of streaming data in order to improve safety, compliance, and profit. For example, real-time analysis of streaming data from drilling rig sensors, intelligent wells, and digital oilfield installations enables early detection of drilling hazards and pending equipment failures, thereby reducing rig time, intervention, and shut-ins.Data problems include the need for real-time integration of operational systems and an inability to maintain accurate and current information across all systems and data warehouses. Poor integration leads to duplication of data and systems, and a lack of visibility across all monitored assets, resulting in the delayed identification of the root cause of problems. This paper presents a streaming data architecture that is capable of processing and analyzing rig data and smart oilfield data in real time. Further, the architecture supports the continuous, streaming integration of any and all of an organization's sensor data, operational platforms, and data warehouses. The approach aggregates and analyzes live, streaming data on the fly, without the need to store the data first. Large volumes of high velocity streaming data in any format and from all sources can be processed continuously and delivered to existing operational systems and data warehouses.The architecture increases efficiency by removing data silos and by ensuring that all systems and data warehouses are kept accurate and up to date in real time. This results in faster decisions that are better informed and based on consistent, accurate, and timely information. Achieving new levels of operational efficiencyThe oil and natural gas industry faces challenges to increase production, reserves, and profit while becoming safer and complying with ever more stringent environmental regulation. Global oil production capacity is forecast to grow to 102 million barrels a day by 2017, an annual average increase of 1.5 million barrels a day (Kent, 2012), and demand for liquefied natural gas has doubled in the last decade, and is forecast to double again over the next decade (The Economist, 2012). Meeting objectives such as these will require the industry to attain new levels of operational efficiency.

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Section: Fig 5: Real-time Streaming Integration Infrastructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Streaming Data Management as a Platform for Large-Scale Mission Critical Sensor Network Applications.

Beggs¹,

Abadie²

2013

All Days

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The Challenges of Full Field Implementation of Fiber-Optic DTS for Monitoring Injection Profile in Belridge Field, California

Allan¹,

Rahman²,

Reed³

2013

All Days

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The Diatomite reservoir at the giant Belridge field, California, has been undergoing water injection for pressure maintenance to mitigate reservoir compaction and improve oil recovery. Accurate placement of injection water across this 1500 feet thick reservoir is essential for balancing voidage and reducing in-situ compaction. However, monitoring injection profile using conventional Radio-Active Tracer (RAT) technology has been a challenge due to the inability to access wellbores for logging because of scale build-ups and casing deformations.Field tests with Fiber-Optic Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) confirmed that the technology had the potential to replace the RAT for continuous monitoring of injection profile. However, moving from a successful pilot to full field implementation faced numerous challenges both technical and economic.To begin with, the wellbore had to be free of any restrictions for logging, stimulation, or workover activities. This meant that the fiber needed to be deployed outside the casing and cemented in place without creating a micro-annulus. The fiber and its control line also had to be installed in a way that would permit perforation for completion without damaging the fiber. Another installation challenge was to pull the control line and fiber through the wellhead mandrel, and secure the fiber from damage during rig move-out, and installation of the well-head and injection manifold.After these technical challenges were overcome, the operational challenge was how to make the whole installation procedure simple and fast enough to be integrated into Aera's lean manufacturing style of drilling process that takes less than three days to complete a well from spud to rig release.After resolving the technical and operational issues, the remaining and bigger challenge was how to make the acquisition and interpretation of this new DTS technology for monitoring of injection profile cheap enough to be incorporated in a "low-cost" environment where a producer makes less than 20 BOPD. With the potential for hundreds of injectors to be surveyed and analyzed each year, the cost breakthrough came when Aera decided to acquire its own profile surveys and develop its own software for processing and interpreting the data.A five-well permanent installation pilot followed by a 30-well survey acquisition program, and eventual development of data processing/interpretation software were successful in meeting the technical and economic challenges. The injection profiles from over 70 injection strings with DTS fibers are now being routinely surveyed and the interpreted results are being proactively used for waterflood surveillance and optimization. A 60-well per year program is currently in progress with plans for continued expansion in future years. This paper shows how innovative ideas and persistence can overcome technical and economic hurdles that often make new technologies unfeasible for old fields. The learnings from this project have potential application in converting low-cost brown fields to the di...

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Conceptual Study and Evaluation of the DTS-Fiber-Optic System as Monitoring System of Injection-Production Profiles in Conventional Reservoirs: A Colombian Field Application

Jaimes

Prada

Dorado³

et al. 2014

Day 2 Thu, May 22, 2014

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About 70% of the oil produced today comes from mature fields, which focuses the interest of the industry on these fields, especially when the recovery factor is low (under 30%).To increase the recovery factor, techniques as water injection can be implemented which also helps to mitigate the environment impact, transforming the water produced from an unwanted to a resource.Having permanent control over the reservoir when is going through a secondary recovery, requires optimize the processes of displacement and recovery. The monitoring has the power to set the behavior of operational parameters for the optimization of the injection-production operations and to diagnose potential problems, which allow having a specific and a general vision of the process.The continous monitoring process should be considered from the planning of injection-production system. The technology that provides constant monitoring is the DTS-Fiber Optics System, which allows the generation in real-time of production profiles and come across with more frequently the injection distribution. With the proper interpretation of these logs the following can be achieved: the injection rate optimization, injectivity leak detection, leak control in wells, cross-flow detection, the contribution of each zone in a stratified reservoir, and detection of the water breakthrough in the producer well. This paper contains a conceptual level study, which presents the working principle, applications worldwide, Benchmarking, benefits, advantages, best technical setup and the correct procedure for implementing the DTS-Fiber Optic system for both a producer and an injector well. Additionally an economic evaluation which compares the DTS-Fiber optic System with conventional monitoring systems currently implemented to generate injection and production profiles in the Yariguí-Cantagallo field in Colombia are presented.Finally, the main findings, conclusions and recommendations obtained in this study are shown.

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Determination of Water Injection Zonal Allocation From Distributed Temperature Sensing Data

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Real-Time Streaming Data Management as a Platform for Large-Scale Mission Critical Sensor Network Applications.

Real-Time Streaming Data Management as a Platform for Large-Scale Mission Critical Sensor Network Applications.

The Challenges of Full Field Implementation of Fiber-Optic DTS for Monitoring Injection Profile in Belridge Field, California

Conceptual Study and Evaluation of the DTS-Fiber-Optic System as Monitoring System of Injection-Production Profiles in Conventional Reservoirs: A Colombian Field Application

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