Determination of volatile organic compounds in recycled polyethylene terephthalate and high-density polyethylene by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry to evaluate the efficiency of recycling processes

Dutra, Camila Braga; Pezo, Davinson; Freire, Maria Teresa de Alvarenga; Nerı́n, Cristina; Reyes, Felix G. R.

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.099

Cited by 71 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…A recent study used HS-SPME-GC-MS to analyze recycled and virgin PET pellets and flakes used in plastic packaging processing (Dutra et al, 2011). Although more VOCs were emitted from the recycled materials, due to contamination from previous use, a wide range of compounds were also emitted from the virgin materials, including toluene, xylene, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-hydroxytoluene (BHT), an antioxidant.…”

Section: Using Voc Analysis To Understand Polymer Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Curran

Strlič

2014

Studies in Conservation

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There is an acknowledged need for improved conservation of plastic and rubber objects within collections, including improved methods of condition assessment, material identification, and better understanding of material degradation. This reflects the inherent instability and wide-ranging formulations of many such objects and also the relative lack of knowledge in this field. Analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a useful method for understanding the chemical processes involved in polymer degradation and for the identification of materials. Conservators and curators have used odor analysis to identify historical plastics for many years, and techniques ranging from acid detection strips to laboratory-based techniques such as solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have been used to characterize plastic and rubber materials and to understand their degradation. VOC analysis also has potential as a technique for bulk material identification, as a complementary tool to spectroscopic analysis of the surface. A significant advantage of VOC analysis is its potential to be non-invasive, avoiding destructive sampling or even contact with an object. However, there is a greater potential for VOC analysis to be of benefit within conservation than is currently being exploited and significant scope for future research. In fields such as construction or waste management, there is also significant research into analysis of VOC emissions from plastic and rubber materials. The goal of this paper is to systematically review research from a range of fields including conservation, polymer degradation, and plastics recycling and it includes the use of VOC analysis to understand the causes of damage to plastic and rubber objects, to provide evidence of degradation and to monitor degradation progress, and to identify materials and distinguish between different formulations. Summaries of relevant studies are given, and volatile markers of object damage and polymer degradation and key volatile identifiers of a particular material are highlighted.

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Section: Using Voc Analysis To Understand Polymer Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Curran

Strlič

2014

Studies in Conservation

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“…Luks-Betlej et al 57 analysed phthalates in drinking waters by SPME-GC-MS and obtained LODs between 0.005 μg/L and 0.04 μg/L. BP, naphthalene, BHT and 2,4-DTBP were analysed by SPME-GC-MS in recycled PET and recycled HDPE multilayer 63 obtaining values of BHT and 2,4-DTBP above 320 ng/g HDPE. SPME with an 85 μm polyacrylate fiber, coupled to GC-MS was used to determine six phthalate esters and bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate in water samples to evaluate the material of the recipients on the concentration of phthalates (Peñalver et al, 2000).…”

Section: Liquid Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dutra et al 63 placed pellets of recycled PET and recycled HDPE multilayer into a 20 mL vial and after 10 min the SPME fibre was exposed to the vapours. The results of this study showed that the presence of high levels of some contaminants such as 2,4-DTBP and BHT could be attributed to the misuse of post-consumer PET material and a lack of control in the collection of this material, or due to recontamination in the recycling system or even by external contamination.…”

Section: Food Packaging Migration Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food-Packaging Contaminants

Lacorte¹,

Cortina²,

Guart³

et al. 2015

Fast Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Methods in Food and Environmental Analysis

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“…Figure 5 shows an example where 3D response surface plots indicate the total peak area, considering temperature and time of extraction as independent variables for 1.0 g sample of PET pellets using 75 μm Carboxen ® /Polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber for volatile compounds analysis. The optimum conditions are marked with red color [57]. It should be highlighted that both GC-MS and high-resolution mass spectrometers commonly use liquid injection of samples such as, for example, the extract of dry food simulant or food simulants based on organic solvents.…”

Section: Volatile Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Approaches for Analysis of Safety of Modern Food Packaging: A Review

Wrona

Nerı́n

2020

Molecules

Self Cite

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Nowadays, food packaging is a crucial tool for preserving food quality and has become an inseparable part of our daily life. Strong consumer demand and market trends enforce more advanced and creative forms of food packaging. New packaging development requires safety evaluations that always implicate the application of complex analytical methods. The present work reviews the development and application of new analytical methods for detection of possible food contaminants from the packaging origin on the quality and safety of fresh food. Among food contaminants migrants, set-off migrants from printing inks, polymer degradation products, and aromatic volatile compounds can be found that may compromise the safety and organoleptic properties of food. The list of possible chemical migrants is very wide and includes antioxidants, antimicrobials, intentionally added substances (IAS), non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), monomers, oligomers, and nanoparticles. All this information collected prior to the analysis will influence the type of analyzing samples and molecules (analytes) and therefore the selection of a convenient analytical method. Different analytical strategies will be discussed, including techniques for direct polymer analysis.

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Determination of volatile organic compounds in recycled polyethylene terephthalate and high-density polyethylene by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry to evaluate the efficiency of recycling processes

Cited by 71 publications

References 35 publications

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Polymers and volatiles: Using VOC analysis for the conservation of plastic and rubber objects

Food-Packaging Contaminants

Analytical Approaches for Analysis of Safety of Modern Food Packaging: A Review

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