Determination of Valproate in the Presence of Felbamate in Human Plasma by Narrow Bore Capillary Gas Chromatography

Romanyshyn, Leslie; Wagner, Marko; Wichmann, Joseph K.; Kucharczyk, N.; Sofia, R. D.

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02453.x

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Different biological matrices have been examined, including plasma [240][241][242][243], serum [244], urine [245] and tears [246]. Derivatization is required in order to make VPA accessible to GC-analysis.…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic and Antiepileptic Drugs in Bipolar Disorder: The Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Musenga

Saracino

Sani³

et al. 2009

CMC

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Bipolar disorder (BD) is a long-term illness with mood swings which are characterized by recurrent episodes of mania/hypomania and depression, with variable interpolations of relatively asymptomatic periods, called euthymic, in which, however, some psychopathological symptoms may persist. Although mood stabilizers, such as lithium, are the first-line treatment for the prevention of new BD episodes, combination therapy has become the standard of care for BD patients. Besides lithium, the use of a mood stabilizer along with an atypical antipsychotic is recommended in many patients. Recently, atypical antipsychotics (quetiapine, olanzapine, risperidone and aripiprazole) and antiepileptic agents (valproate, lamotrigine and oxcarbazepine) are increasingly used as mood stabilizers. To reduce side effects and optimize treatment it is important to perform accurate monitoring of drug blood levels in these patients, who are often treated with multiple drugs. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is in fact a powerful tool that, starting from clinical-chemical correlation data, allows to tailor-cut treatment to the specific needs of individual patients; hence the need to have reliable analytical methods available for the determination of plasma levels of drugs and their metabolites. Analyses of biological samples are mainly carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with different detectors, capillary electrophoresis and gas-chromatography. Various procedures are employed to remove biological interferences before analyzing the samples. This review focuses on currently available analytical TDM methods for atypical antipsychotics and antiepileptic agents used in the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder. Advantages and limitations of the various analytical methods will be reviewed and discussed, together with an evaluation of the role of TDM.

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Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Antipsychotic and Antiepileptic Drugs in Bipolar Disorder: The Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Musenga

Saracino

Sani³

et al. 2009

CMC

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Totally Automated Analysis by Robotized PrepStation and Liquid Chromatography: Direct-Sample Analysis of Felbamate

Wong¹,

Sasse²,

Schroeder³

et al. 1996

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

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A totally automated analysis of felbamate was developed by using a robotized PrepStation for extraction, followed by automated liquid chromatographic (LC) analysis and data reduction. This is one of the newer direct-sample analysis approaches by LC. Felbamate was a previously approved antiepileptic agent used to treat partial seizures with and without generalization and to treat Lennox-Gastaut syndrome in pediatric patients. However, due to the reported incidences of aplastic anemia, its clinical application was recently restricted to the treatment of the latter syndrome. The automated assay using Bench Supervisor, PrepStation, and LC, based on a previously developed manual method, used 200 microliters of serum standards, quality control, or patients' plasma. These were mixed with 600 microliters of internal standard (IS) W509 dissolved in acetonitrile for protein precipitation. After axial centrifugation and standing, aliquots of the clear supernatant were transferred and washed with hexane. Aliquots of the supernatant were transferred and injected into a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC). HPLC parameters included an mu Bondapak C-18 column, phosphate/acetonitrile (8:2) as mobile phase, and detection at 214 nm. Retention times were 2.9 and 4.2 min for felbamate and IS, respectively. Calibration was linear for concentrations from 10 to 200 mg/L with r > 0.994. Precision studies showed coefficients of variation ranging from 2.7% to 8.8%. Correlation with the manual method showed that r = 0.934, slope = 1.048, intercept = -2.642, and n = 21. Phenobarbital coeluted with the IS. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using a robotized, automated method for monitoring felbamate, readily extended to monitoring other antiepileptic drugs with minimal modification.

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Pharmaceutical Care in a State Operated Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Department

Malan¹

1996

Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Pharmaceutical care in psychiatry is a specialized area of practice within the field of pharmacy and has been selected for Board Certification in the near future. In order to be maximally effective in this clinical setting, mental health pharmacists must combine their knowledge of psychopharmacology, pathophysiology, laboratory data, standardized assessment tools, and federal Health Care Financing Administration requirements, with non-pharmacological treatments to function within a treatment team concept. This treatment team concept aims at maximizing individual clinical outcomes while at the same time minimizing adverse side effects of the treatment regimen.

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Determination of Valproate in the Presence of Felbamate in Human Plasma by Narrow Bore Capillary Gas Chromatography

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Antipsychotic and Antiepileptic Drugs in Bipolar Disorder: The Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Antipsychotic and Antiepileptic Drugs in Bipolar Disorder: The Importance of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Totally Automated Analysis by Robotized PrepStation and Liquid Chromatography: Direct-Sample Analysis of Felbamate

Pharmaceutical Care in a State Operated Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Department

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