Determination of Trace Metals in Crudes and Other Petroleum Oils

Milner, O. I.; Glass, J. R.; Kirchner, Julius; Yurick, A. N.

doi:10.1021/ac60071a009

Cited by 77 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It has been shown by several investigators that along with several other metal ions found in the crude petroleum are vanadium, titanium, copper, and nickel (Anderson and Hughes, 1951;Milner, Glass, Kirchner and Yurick, 1952;Wrightson, 1949). These trace metals play an important role for the exploration of minerals and petroleum (Hawkes and Webb, 1966;Mitchell, 1955).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Trace Metals in Petroleum Crudes. 1. Trace Analysis of Vanadium and Titanium in Crude Petroleum of North Gujarat

Raghavan¹,

Agrawal²

1979

Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.

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Samples of crude petroleum from different localities of North Gujarat (Kalol Nawagam area) are analyzed for traces of vanadium and titanium metal. A new spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of these metal ions in tracer and ultratracer levels in crude oil. The vanadium and titanium concentrations were found in the ranges 6-8 ppm and 2-4 ppm, respectively. The influence of these trace metals on refinery processes and other industries is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Trace Metals in Petroleum Crudes. 1. Trace Analysis of Vanadium and Titanium in Crude Petroleum of North Gujarat

Raghavan¹,

Agrawal²

1979

Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev.

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“…Molecular absorption spectrophotometry (Milner et al, 1952), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), (Langmyhr and Aadalen,1980), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) (Fabbe and Ruschak, 1985), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (Lord et al, 1991), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Khuhawar and Lanjwani, 1996), gas chromatography (GC) (Delli and Patsalide, 1981), capillary electrophoreses, (Mirza et al, 2009) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XFS) (Vilhunen et al, 1997) methods have been reported for the determination of metals in crude oils.…”

Section: Determination Of Metals In Crude Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Metal Ions in Crude Oils

Khuhawar¹,

Mirza²,

Jahangir³

2012

Crude Oil Emulsions- Composition Stability and Characterization

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“…4 Trace elements in crude oil have been determined in several studies and can be found in different concentration levels, depending on the formation of the crude oil. [5][6][7][8][9][10] In addition to problems generated in the crude oil refining process and the use of its products, metal content in crude oil is also of interest regarding environmental issues, particularly because of their toxic potential and the possibility of their release into the environment by oil spill or associated with effluents from the refining process, besides emissions derived from fuel burning. 7,11,12 Elements such as Cr, Cd, Zn, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Co, Ni and Pb can be found in effluents from oil refineries, and can cause great ecological impacts in the aquatic environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of different pre-treatment procedures for the determination of chromium in crude oil samples by GF AAS

Pessoa

Lyra

Castro

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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No presente estudo, três procedimentos de pré-tratamento e determinação de Cr por GF AAS foram desenvolvidos e comparados: diluição da amostra com tolueno, formação de emulsão e amostragem direta do petróleo. Os limites de detecção para os procedimentos desenvolvidos foram 1,9 ng g -1 para a diluição da amostra com tolueno, 2,8 ng g -1 para a formação de emulsão e 0,73 ng g -1 para a amostragem direta. A exatidão dos três procedimentos foi avaliada analisando-se o material NIST1085b e por testes de recuperação. Em todos os procedimentos foram obtidos altos valores de recuperação e boa concordância entre os teores determinados e os teores certificados. No entanto, os resultados indicam que a diluição da amostra com tolueno não é recomendada para amostras com grau API abaixo de 15. Os outros dois procedimentos mostraram o mesmo desempenho para as amostras com diferentes graus API (8-38), mas a amostragem direta apresentou melhor sensibilidade além de minimizar as chances de perdas do analito ou contaminação.In the present study three pre-treatment procedures were developed and compared following Cr determination by GF AAS: sample dilution with toluene, emulsion formation and direct sampling of crude oil. The limits of detection for the developed procedures were 1.9 ng g -1 for sample dilution with toluene, 2.8 ng g -1 for emulsion formation and 0.73 ng g -1 for direct sampling. The accuracy of the three procedures was assessed by analysis of NIST1085b and recovery tests. High recoveries and good agreement between found and certified values were obtained in all cases. However, results indicate that sample dilution with toluene is not recommended for samples below 15ºAPI. The other two procedures showed the same performance for the samples with different API degrees (8 to 38), but the direct sampling showed better sensitivity besides minimizing the chances of analyte losses or contamination.

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Determination of Trace Metals in Crudes and Other Petroleum Oils

Cited by 77 publications

References 27 publications

Analysis of Trace Metals in Petroleum Crudes. 1. Trace Analysis of Vanadium and Titanium in Crude Petroleum of North Gujarat

Analysis of Trace Metals in Petroleum Crudes. 1. Trace Analysis of Vanadium and Titanium in Crude Petroleum of North Gujarat

Determination of Metal Ions in Crude Oils

Comparison of different pre-treatment procedures for the determination of chromium in crude oil samples by GF AAS

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