Determination of Trace Lead and Cadmium in Decorative Material Using Disposable Screen-Printed Electrode Electrically Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide/L-Cysteine/Bi-Film

Hou, Xinbin; Xiong, Bin; Wang, Yue; Wang, Li; Wang, Hui

doi:10.3390/s20051322

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The electrode modification and voltammetric quantitation methods presented in this paper are simple, low-cost, and fast. Therefore, Table presents the reliability of the present work on par with the reported works in the literature for their practical applications on environmental samples. − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Simultaneous Quantitation of Lead and Cadmium on an EDTA-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Sridharan

Mandal

2022

ACS Omega

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Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are classified as category one toxicants. The provisional guideline values, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), for Cd and Pb are 3 and 10 ppb, respectively. An easy, quick, and cheap analytical technique is in demand for the determination of these toxic heavy metals in water. Hence, a novel electrochemical sensing platform is developed by modifying the glassy carbon electrode with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) for the low-cost simultaneous quantitation of toxic heavy-metal ions, lead and cadmium, in real water samples. EDTA is grafted to the surface of graphene oxide, via amine linkage, and the oxygen functionality is reduced by a green agent, tyrosine. Various physical and electrochemical characterizations of the as-prepared electrocatalytic material were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), ζ-potential, ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), etc. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is modified with ErGO by a simple drop-casting method for simultaneous metal-ion quantitation by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). EDTA functionalization of graphene oxide and its further reduction using the green agent enhance the stability and sensitivity of the electrode substrate. The limits of detection for cadmium and lead ions calculated for ErGO/GCE are 1.02 and 2.52 ppb, while the limits of quantification for lead and cadmium ions are 3.41 and 8.4 ppb, and their sensitivities are 0.8 and 0.6 nA/ppb, respectively. Real river water contains 200.2 ± 0.38 ppb of Pb 2+ ions (mean ± stdev, n = 3) by the DPV technique, which is validated by ICP-OES analysis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Simultaneous Quantitation of Lead and Cadmium on an EDTA-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Sridharan

Mandal

2022

ACS Omega

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“…A cyclic voltammogram can then be plotted by tracing the current versus the applied voltage at the working electrode. Currently, voltametric techniques are applied frequently to determine pollutants because of their low cost, simple operations, high sensitivity, and fewer requirements for reagents [72].…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Devices to Monitor Ionic Analytes for Healthcare and Industrial Applications

et al. 2022

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Recent advances in electrochemical devices have sparked exciting opportunities in the healthcare, environment, and food industries. These devices can be fabricated at low costs and are capable of multiplex monitoring. This overcomes challenges presnted in traditional sensors for biomolecules and provides us a unique gateway toward comprehensive analyses. The advantages of electrochemical sensors are derived from their direct integration with electronics and their high selectivity along with sensitivity to sense a wide range of ionic analytes at an economical cost. This review paper aims to summarize recent innovations of a wide variety of electrochemical sensors for ionic analytes for health care and industrial applications. Many of these ionic analytes are important biomarkers to target for new diagnostic tools for medicine, food quality monitoring, and pollution detection. In this paper, we will examine various fabrication techniques, sensing mechanisms, and will also discuss various future opportunities in this research direction.

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“…On the other hand, the OC combined value for 1.94Bi was determined to be 0.009410. BiFE is considered to be one of the benchmarks regarding in situ FEs in the electroanalysis of heavy metal traces [1,8,12,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Therefore, the importance of this work is signified with the OC combined value for 1.00Bi0.60Sn0.34Sb, which is at least one order of magnitude better (higher), thus demonstrating the improved design of the in situ FE when using this combination of ions to form an in situ FE compared to the use of only one ion to form a pure in situ FE.…”

Section: Interference Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, an antimony-film electrode was also proposed (SbFE) [ 3 , 4 ], followed by other in situ electrodes. Various modifications of different in situ electrodes have evolved since (some examples are given in references [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Factorial Design and Simplex Optimization to Improve Analytical Performance of In Situ Film Electrodes

Finšgar

Jezernik

2020

Sensors

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This work presents a systematic approach to determining the significance of the individual factors affecting the analytical performance of in-situ film electrode (FE) for the determination of Zn(II), Cd(II), and Pb(II). Analytical parameters were considered simultaneously, where the lowest limit of quantification, the widest linear concentration range, and the highest sensitivity, accuracy, and precision of the method evidenced a better analytical method. Significance was evaluated by means of a fractional factorial (experimental) design using five factors, i.e., the mass concentrations of Bi(III), Sn(II), and Sb(III), to design the in situ FE, the accumulation potential, and the accumulation time. Next, a simplex optimization procedure was employed to determine the optimum conditions for these factors. Such optimization of the in situ FE showed significant improvement in analytical performance compared to the in situ FEs in the initial experiments and compared to pure in situ FEs (bismuth-film, tin-film, and antimony-film electrodes). Moreover, using the optimized in situ FE electrode, a possible interference effect was checked for different species and the applicability of the electrode was demonstrated for a real tap water sample.

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Determination of Trace Lead and Cadmium in Decorative Material Using Disposable Screen-Printed Electrode Electrically Modified with Reduced Graphene Oxide/L-Cysteine/Bi-Film

Cited by 24 publications

References 36 publications

Simultaneous Quantitation of Lead and Cadmium on an EDTA-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Simultaneous Quantitation of Lead and Cadmium on an EDTA-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Electrochemical Devices to Monitor Ionic Analytes for Healthcare and Industrial Applications

The Use of Factorial Design and Simplex Optimization to Improve Analytical Performance of In Situ Film Electrodes

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