Determination of trace elements in paints by direct sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Bentlin, Fabrina Regia Stumm; Pozebon, Dirce; Mello, Paola A.; Flores, Érico M.M.

doi:10.1016/j.aca.2007.09.003

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Baixas concentrações de vários elementos determinados em tintas para tatuagem são reportadas no trabalho de Bentlin et al. 19 No entanto, conforme acima citado, foram encontradas altas concentrações de Cu numa amostra e de Zn em outra. Nas Tabelas 4 e 1S pode-se observar que em algumas tintas (vermelha, amarela e verde para serigrafia e amarela esmalte) a concentração de Pb é alta (até 14% m/m), demonstrando que foram usados pigmentos inorgânicos à base de Pb para a formulação dessas tintas, com prazo de validade até outubro de 2008 (Tabela 3).…”

Section: Resultados E Discussão Determinação Dos Elementos Minoritáriunclassified

“…São encontrados poucos trabalhos envolvendo a determinação de elementos em tintas [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] e a maioria diz respeito à determinação de Pb. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Em quase todos os trabalhos o estudo envolveu um único tipo de tinta.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…19 Os resultados obtidos foram validados mediante comparação com GF AAS e ICP-MS. Mediante a DS-GF AAS, a tinta pode ser analisada diretamente, bastando apenas a homogeneização da amostra. Contudo, a quantidade de tinta que pode ser introduzida no atomizador é limitada a alguns mg e, conseqüentemente, a técnica é somente adequada para a determinação de concentrações muito baixas de elementos na amostra.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Concentrações relativamente baixas de diversos elementos podem ser determinadas por ICP OES, principalmente quando a emissão da radiação do analito é focada axialmente. 19,20 Porém, a sensibilidade pode ser ainda insuficiente para a quantificação de elementos traço presentes em tintas. Neste caso, a técnica de ICP-MS, 22,23 apesar das mais pronunciadas interferências físicas (supressão de sinal, deposição de material sobre os orifícios de amostragem e flutuações do plasma devido a solventes orgânicos, entre outros), seria mais adequada, pois permite a quantificação de concentrações mais baixas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estudo comparativo de métodos de preparo de amostras de tinta para a determinação de metais e metalóides por técnicas de espectrometria atômica

2009

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Estudo comparativo dE métodos dE prEparo dE amostras dE tinta para a dEtErminação dE mEtais E mEtalóidEs por técnicas dE (3) decomposition in open vessel using HNO 3 + HF and ashing. Paints of different types and colours were analyzed, in which several elements were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). It was observed that method (1) is appropriate for trace, minor and major elements determination, while method (3) is appropriate for Ti.

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Section: Resultados E Discussão Determinação Dos Elementos Minoritáriunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Estudo comparativo de métodos de preparo de amostras de tinta para a determinação de metais e metalóides por técnicas de espectrometria atômica

2009

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“…The results demonstrate the reliability of the aqua regia method for heavy element analysis although concentrations were high which may be attributed to various factors like acid interference, external contaminations (although a blank was used as a precaution), and technical errors. Comparing hair and saliva, with urine analysis, simplicity of matrix, relatively high concentration of trace element, easier sample gathering, transfer and storage should be considered [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of lead and cadmium in hair and saliva of school children in Ceres district, South Africa

Ogboko

Fisher

Swart³

2009

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the hair and saliva of schoolchildren (n=265) in Ceres district, rural and agricultural Town. The role of other factors, such as the socio-economic status, and anthropometric data of the children were also investigated including levels of elements in water, common foods and cultivated vegetables.The results showed high mean levels of Pb in both hair (1.17 ±0.99µg/kg) and saliva (1.07 ±1.31µg/L), when compared with the reference mean (<0.55 µg/kg and <1.0 µg/L) respectively. The mean level of Cd in hair (0.95 µg/kg±044) was also high but within the reference value (<1.55 µg/kg). Likewise, Cd in saliva with a mean concentration of 0.67 ±0.48µg/L was within the reference values (0.4-2.25 µg/L). Both proportions fall within the threshold of 0.3% lead in hair (Pb <0.55 µg/kg) and cadmium in hair (Cd <1.55 µg/kg).The study also showed the presence of both elements in water, common food and cultivated vegetables. The socio-economic status and anthropometric data did not have a significant effect on both elements. Considering the environmental nature of Ceres as a rural agricultural town with such high levels of these elements in the learners and other elements and knowing that the half life of most heavy elements is between 20yrs and 40yrs, one cannot underestimate the potential health risk, resulting in the none absorption of other essential elements like iron and zinc, resulting in learning difficulties and nutritional deficiencies in later years. These results support most findings that heavy metal elements can be found in hair and saliva. However, the source of these elements is unknown, but there are indications that environmental factors might be responsible. These findings need to be further investigated to ascertain the source, potential impact of these findings, and the possible role of food fortification in reducing negative effects.

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Certification of reference materials for Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in polypropylene

Liu

Wang

et al. 2010

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Two reference materials, at relatively low and high concentrations (GBW08404 and GBW08405), for analysis of the mass fractions of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in polypropylene were developed. The reference materials were prepared by doping blank polypropylene base material with Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in the form of oxides, salts or pigments. Homogeneity and stability studies were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The certification of the four analytes was carried out by isotope-dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) with microwave-assisted digestion. Combined uncertainties were calculated from the IDMS uncertainty evaluation budget and the uncertainty of the homogeneity. The mass fractions of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb of the two certified reference materials (CRMs) were from 8 to 1,000 mg kg(-1). The two samples were also used in an interlaboratory comparison scheme in which National Institute of Metrology, China, National Metrological Institute of Japan and Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science participated. The agreement of the comparison results proved that the certification procedure of the CRMs is valid and that the certified values of Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb are accurate and reliable.

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Determination of trace elements in paints by direct sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Estudo comparativo de métodos de preparo de amostras de tinta para a determinação de metais e metalóides por técnicas de espectrometria atômica

Estudo comparativo de métodos de preparo de amostras de tinta para a determinação de metais e metalóides por técnicas de espectrometria atômica

Levels of lead and cadmium in hair and saliva of school children in Ceres district, South Africa

Certification of reference materials for Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in polypropylene

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