Determination of trace elements in petroleum by neutron activation analysis

Shah, K. R.; Filby, R. H.; Haller, W.A.

doi:10.1007/bf02513910

Cited by 54 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Particular attention should be given to the levels of titanium, arsenic and vanadium since these elements have been known to adversely affect cracking and reforming catalysts (Given, 1974;Academy Forum, 1977;Filby et al, 1977). While the chlorine concentration in the coal-derived oil is higher than in crude petroleum, it does not begin to approach limits suggested by Nelson (1958) (1500-4OOO pg/g), or Shah et al (1970) (30,000 pg/g) as being the maximum acceptable from the perspective of equipment corrosion. It would appear that a distilled liquefaction product oil is a suitable substitute for crude petroleum in terms of impurity content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

The redistribution of trace and minor elements during coal liquefaction

Pringle

Jervis

1987

Can J Chem Eng

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Radioactivation analysis of four sets of coal liquefaction feed and product materials provided information on the concentrations of forty trace and minor elements. Coal-derived ti1 was found to have low levels of most elements, comparable to crude petroleum. Aqueous process effluents were shown to have potentially troublesome levels, especially of Cr and Ba. The concentration data derived in this study and rzlevant process data were combined to construct elemental mass balances around the liquefaction process; these varied widely between about 80 and 140%, depending mostly on analytical errors. Enrichment of chromium and other transition metals in the conversion residues indicated a possible source through equipment erosion while consistent depletim of barium suggested a loss to aqueous stream particulate matter or possible reactor deposits.Des donnCes ont CtC obtenues concernant les concentration: de quarante 6lCments mineurs ou a I'etat de trace grlce h I'analyse par radioactivation de quatre series d'alimentation de IiquCfaction de charbon et drs matCriaux de produits. On a trouvC que I'huile dCrivee du charbon avait des teneurs peu Clevees dans la plupart de ces CICments, comme le pttrole brut. On a montrt que les effluents aqueux du proa dC avaient des niveaux potentiellement gtnants en particulier de Cr et de Ba. k s donne& de concentrations obtenues dans ce travail, ainsi que les donnCes opkratoires approprihs ont CtC combinkes pour Ctablir des bilans massiques par CICmmt pour le procede de liquefaction. La manitre dont ces bilans sont bouclCs varie beaucoup, entre 80% et 140%, piincipalement en raison des erreurs expkrimentales. Un enrichissement en chrome et en quelques autres mCtaux de iransition au cours de la conversion des residus indique I'Crosion de I'Cquipement comme source possible, alors qu'uie diminution du barium suggtre une perte de particules dans le courant aqueux ou encore des dtpots dans le rkacteor.

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mentioning

confidence: 76%

The redistribution of trace and minor elements during coal liquefaction

Pringle

Jervis

1987

Can J Chem Eng

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“…Indeed, Au contents of sedimentary rocks, which were commonly accepted as Au Source beds in South China, usually show positive correlation with their organic carbon contents (e.g.. Hu et Experimental results which are seemingly supportive to the hypothesis that crude oil is able to leach and transport gold, and may play an important role in the formation of some SRHDG deposits by promoting leaching, migration, reduction and precipitation have been reported by Liu et al (1994) and Lu and Zhuang (1996) solubility in crude oil can be very high, and even a small portion of oil in water solution will greatly increase its gold solubility (Liu et al, 1994;Lin and Liu, 1995;Lu and Zhuang, 1996). On the contrary, Au concentrations of crude oils all over the world are commonly quite low, less than 3.0 ppb (Shah et al, 1970;Hitchon and Filby, 1983), except in a few cases where the oil may have interacted with nearby hydrothermal systems or been enriched in gold by other geological processes. Therefore, despite the fact that Au solubility in crude oil can be very high (ppm grade) in laboratory experiments, the potential of crude oil to remove Au from the source beds and transport the Au within the sequences it traversed during oil generation and migration may be quite limited (Greibrokk et al, 1994).…”

Section: Possible Role Of Organic Matter In Au Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Geochemistry of Sedimentary Rock‐hosted Disseminated Gold Deposits in Southwestern Guizhou Province, China

Bao¹,

Zhao²,

Guha

2005

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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Sedimentary rock-hosted disseminated gold (SRHDG) deposits in the Youjiang-Nanpanjiang Basin, southwestern Guizhou Province are commonly hosted by the same fold crests that commonly contain a remarkable amount of organic material. The total organic carbon (TOC) contents of the ores and host rocks are usually less than 1%. The reflectance of vitrinite and ppbitumen in the ores and the host rocks ranges from I .5% to 4.5%. often in the range of 2% to 3%. In the Lannigou deposit, the reflectance of vitrinite and pyrobitumen in the ores is usually somewhat higher than those within the host rocks, indicating a hydrothermal impact on the organic matter in the altered host rocks. On the contrary, the estimated maximum palmtemperatures of the Getang and Zimudang deposits are higher than the homogenization temperatures of the fluid inclusions in the ores, signifying that the organic matter maturation predated Au mineralization. No correlation between the organic matter contents and Au concentrations were recognized in the ores. However, the most striking observation is that there is a positive correlation between the S2 (a parameter of Rock-Eval analysis), Au and As contents of the ores in the Lannigou deposit. Organic matter maturation and migration is apparent from the TOC vs. HCI diagram. Furthermore, group analysis of the dichloromethane extractable organic component of the ores and host rocks shows that the maturation degree of the organic matter in the ores is slightly higher than that of the host rocks in the Lannigou gold deposit. However, the compositions of their alkanes, steranes and terpenes, which serve as biomarkers. are quite similar; this suggests that the organic matter found in the ores and host rocks has a common marine source. Organic matter probably contributed to the preconcentration of Au in the host rocks. Hydrocarbons in the system, on the other hand, clearly contributed to the emplacement of the gold mineralization through thermal sulfate reduction. Organic matter in the solution might have increased the potential of the hydrothermal solution to transport Au.

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“…Despite its low sensitivity, this reaction has been used to analyze for sulfur in crude oil by several research groups (109,110,111,112).…”

Section: Nuclear Sulfur Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%