“…The LIBS technique was successfully used (i.e., good correspondence with the reference technique, low error and LOD below the regulatory guideline values) to quantify toxic elements in soils (Akhtar et al, 2018;Ambushe et al, 2015;Barbafieri, Pini, Ciucci, & Tassi, 2011;Bousquet et al, 2007;Chen, Hei, Yu, Chen, & Cai, 2018;Dell'Aglio et al, 2011;Gao et al, 2018;Gornushkin et al, 1997;Hilbk-Kortenbruck et al, 2001;Khumaeni et al, 2017;Kwak et al, 2009;Lazic, Barbini, Colao, Fantoni, & Palucci, 2001;Menegatti et al, 2017;Meng et al, 2015Meng et al, , 2017Multari et al, 1996;Nicolodelli et al, 2018;Popov et al, 2010Popov et al, , 2014Senesi et al, 2009;Sirven et al, 2006;Srungaram, Ayyalasomayajula, Yu-Yueh, & Singh, 2013;Wang et al, 2018;Wisbrun et al, 1993;Yi et al, 2018;Zaytsev et al, 2018). The technique has been more sensitive than the reference technique when optimized or used with signal enhancement methods (Akhtar et al, 2018;Gao et al, 2018;Gornushkin et al, 1997;Hilbk-Kortenbruck et al, 2001;Khumaeni et al, 2017;Meng et al, 2015;Popov et al, 2010Popov et al, , 2014Yi et al, 2018). However, measuring toxic elements in soil samples is not easy with LIBS, because the intensity of the emission lines of these elements is generally weak…”