Determination of toxic products released in combustion of pesticides

Chen, Kai; Mackie, John C.; Kennedy, Eric M.; Dlugogorski, Bogdan Z.

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2012.01.002

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…Repeatability and reproducibility of data count among the major advantages of the equipment 37 together with its capacity of revealing atypical fire phenomena, like-liquid phase decomposition process of organophosphorous pesticides. 38 In particular, parametric tests on product samples of about 50 g under controlled air intake allow for characterizing fire behaviour of the studied material or product (liquid, solids, gases) on the full spectrum of fire conditions (fuel rich or fuel lean). Scientific-sound diagnosis of the fire behaviour of materials is achieved thanks to the access to key measures such as mass loss, HRR by application of fire calorimetry laws based on the assessment of oxygen consumption (OC) 39 and carbon dioxide generation (CDG), 40 measurements of fire effluent concentrations and related emission yields allowing for an evaluation of pollutants and fire toxicity issues.…”

Section: Fire Propagation Apparatus (Tewarson Calorimetry)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative experimental approach aiming to understand and quantify the actual fire hazards of ionic liquids

Diallo

Morgan

Len

et al. 2013

Energy Environ. Sci.

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International audienceThe aim of the study is to provide advanced knowledge on the thermal and combustion hazard profiles of ionic liquids based on an original multiscale combined experimental approach. Experimental tools have been implemented and used to (a) obtain actual measurements of theoretical heats of combustion of imidazolium-based and phosphonium-based ionic liquids by use of a bomb calorimeter; (b) provide access to fundamental flammability properties of these chemicals through the use of Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimeter; and (c) determine actual behaviour of ionic liquids in fire conditions, from learnings obtained by a series of combustion tests performed on 12 ionic liquids by use of the INERIS Fire Propagation Apparatus. Results so far confirm that the combustibility potential as well as the fire behaviour must be assessed on a case by case approach and is often dictated by the chemical structure of ionic liquids. The study also illustrates how the data obtained by our innovative procedure allow for consistent fire safety engineering studies serving the green use of ionic liquids in a contextual way. The work has opened a new perspective of collaborative work towards the development of a dedicated and pertinent methodology aiming at characterizing the comprehensive physicochemical hazard profiles of ionic liquids

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Section: Fire Propagation Apparatus (Tewarson Calorimetry)mentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative experimental approach aiming to understand and quantify the actual fire hazards of ionic liquids

Diallo

Morgan

Len

et al. 2013

Energy Environ. Sci.

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“…Production, storage and wide use of pesticides can cause accidental fires in storage facilities, while contaminated plant matter subjected to wildfire provides thermal decomposition and additional pathways for generating toxic products [7][8][9][10][11]. The available literature on thermal decomposition and combustion of pesticides [8,[12][13][14][15][16][17] reports different burning behavior and patterns of thermal decomposition. Specifically, pesticides with complex aromatic structure exhibit below 300°C melt, evaporate and experience the first pyrolysis process with formation of heavy substances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The obtained results led to the conclusion that in the gaseous products the organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons were present. Different techniques could be employed to determine thermal decomposition of pesticides and identify released toxic products [8]. Recently, thermal decomposition of the pesticide was also studied using density functional methods [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted during thermal degradation and combustion of triadimenol

Borucka

Celiński

Sałasińska

et al. 2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Thermal degradation and combustion of pesticides lead to the emission of chemicals that are harmful and dangerous for humans and the environment. The aim of the work was to study thermal decomposition of triadimenol and analyze organic compounds, in particular dioxins precursors released during that process. The thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry method was used to examine the physical and chemical processes occurring under high temperatures in air atmosphere. The application of a simultaneous thermal analyzer combined with an infrared spectrometer allowed to identify substances generated during the experiments. To generate the fire effluents contained in thermal degradation products, the steady-state tube furnace was also used. The gas samples were taken using solid-phase microextraction method. Meanwhile for the detection and identification of released chemicals, the gas chromatograph with mass spectrometer was adopted. The obtained results showed that tested pesticides undergo both thermal decomposition and oxidation during thermal degradation in air. In the gases emitted during thermal decomposition, carbon oxides, hydrogen cyanide and many aliphatic and aromatic compounds were found. However, the main toxic substances identified under all tested conditions were: hydrogen cyanide, 4-chlorophenol and many substituted benzenes and polycyclic hydrocarbons. Keywords Thermal analysis Á Evolved gas analysis Á Pesticide Á Triadimenol Á Solid-phase microextraction Á Sampling and analysis of fire effluents

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“…5 In addition to the dissemination of pesticides in the environment, toxic products can be released from unintentional combustion of such chemicals in the case of accidental fire or burning of treated biomass. 6 These highly poisonous species belong to various organophosphorus families like phosphine oxides (OPR 3 ), phosphinates (OP(OR)R 2 ), phosphonates (OP(OR) 2 R), and phosphates (OP(OR) 3 ). Each compound is characterized by the R groups, which can be an alkyl chain, a sulfur group (e.g., in VX), an amine (e.g., in phenamiphos), a cyano group (e.g., in tabun), or a fluorine atom (e.g., in sarin and soman).…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Chemical Study of the Thermochemical Properties of Organophosphorous Compounds

et al. 2015

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Organophosphorous compounds are involved in many toxic compounds such as fungicides, pesticides, or chemical warfare nerve agents. The understanding of the decomposition chemistry of these compounds in the environment is largely limited by the scarcity of thermochemical data. Because of the high toxicity of many of these molecules, experimental determination of their thermochemical properties is very difficult. In this work, standard gas-phase thermodynamic data, i.e., enthalpies of formation (ΔfH298°), standard entropies (S298°), and heat capacities (Cp°(T)), were determined using quantum chemical calculations and more specifically the CBS-QB3 composite method, which was found to be the best compromise between precision and calculation time among high accuracy composite methods. A large number of molecules was theoretically investigated, involving trivalent and pentavalent phosphorus atoms, and C, H, O, N, S, and F atoms. These data were used to propose 83 original groups, used in the semiempirical group contribution method proposed by Benson. Thanks to these latter group values, thermochemical properties of several nerve agents, common pesticides and herbicides have been evaluated. Bond dissociations energies (BDE), useful for the analysis the thermal stability of the compounds, were also determined in several molecules of interest.

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Determination of toxic products released in combustion of pesticides

Cited by 28 publications

References 141 publications

An innovative experimental approach aiming to understand and quantify the actual fire hazards of ionic liquids

An innovative experimental approach aiming to understand and quantify the actual fire hazards of ionic liquids

Identification of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds emitted during thermal degradation and combustion of triadimenol

Quantum Chemical Study of the Thermochemical Properties of Organophosphorous Compounds

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