Determination of Total Available Carbohydrates in Plants

Weinmann, H.

doi:10.1104/pp.22.3.279

Cited by 81 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…The dried samples were finely ground and analyzed for total nonstructural carbohydrates with Clarase 300 (9). Since fructosans do not occur in maize (2), the results represent total sugars plus starch, expressed as glucose.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Absence of Developing Grain on Carbohydrate Content and Senescence of Maize Leaves

Allison

Weinmann

1970

Plant Physiol.

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In maize (Zea mays L.) grown under normal conditions in Rhodesia, prevention of pollination or removal of the ears after flowering caused premature senescence of the leaves above the ear, preceded by the appearance of a purplish red color. In plants from which the ears had been removed the concentration of sugars and starch increased markedly in both upper and lower leaves, the increase being greater in the upper leaves.The removal of flowers or of developing fruits has been observed to delay senescence in a number of annual plants (5). In contrast, we have noticed in Rhodesia that the removal of developing ears causes leaves of maize plants to wither prematurely. Two experiments were conducted to investigate this problem. METHODSIn both experiments the locally bred single-cross hybrid 59H17, known commercially as SR52, was grown under normal conditions on fertile soil at a density of 31,000 plants per hectare (12, 500 plants per acre).In the first experiment, we investigated the effect of ear removal or prevention of pollination on leaf senescence. There were four treatments, viz., a control, ear removal 13 or 27 days after silk emergence, and covering the silks during the period of pollen shedding. Plots consisted of 10 plants in four replicates.At the time of flowering the area of every leaf was measured on 20 plants. Subsequently, the green, i.e., unwithered, leaf areas were estimated at weekly intervals until 8 weeks after flowering, and the green leaf area above and below the ear was calculated (1).In the second experiment we studied the effect of ear removal on carbohydrate accumulation. This experiment consisted of two treatments in three replicates, namely, a control and ear removal 19 days after flowering.Samples of leaf laminae were harvested from both above and below the ear on three occasions, namely, 7, 17, and 28 days after ear removal. Each sample consisted of 10 laminae, obtained by collecting either the middle two of the laminae above the ear, or the middle two of the laminae below the ear from each of five plants. Parts of some laminae had withered by the time of the third harvest, and these parts were discarded.The samples were always collected shortly before noon and within half an hour were placed in a forced draught oven at a temperature of 110 to 120 C for 20 min and then dried for about 6 hr at 60 to 70 C.The dried samples were finely ground and analyzed for total nonstructural carbohydrates with Clarase 300 (9). Since fructosans do not occur in maize (2), the results represent total sugars plus starch, expressed as glucose. In addition, reducing and nonreducing sugars were determined after extraction with alcohol (8); the replicate samples for the third harvest were analyzed separately, but for the first two harvests composite samples from the three replicates were used for the sugar determinations. Starch was calculated by difference: (total nonstructural carbohydrates minus total sugars) x 0.9. All analytical results are expressed as percentages of the dry matter. RESULTSExper...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Absence of Developing Grain on Carbohydrate Content and Senescence of Maize Leaves

Allison

Weinmann

1970

Plant Physiol.

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“…The experiment was conducted during the 1987/1988 and 1988/1989 Brown, 1969) and SPS 240 (short season, 2800 °C from emergence to physiological maturity; Ontario method; Brown, 1969 Weinmann (Weinmann, 1947;Berger, 1984). Samplings were taken at the V11-V12, R3; R5 and R6 phenological stages (Ritchie and Hanway, 1982).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source-sink relationships in maize grown in a cool-temperate area

Uhart

Andrade

1991

Agronomie

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“…The method of TNC analysis used was first described by Weinmann (1947) and later modified by Lindahl et al (1949) and Smith (1969). The TNC was extracted with a takadiastase enzyme solution.…”

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confidence: 99%