Determination of tin in marine sediment slurries by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using palladium-magnesium nitrate as chemical modifier

Determination of arsenic in sediment and soil slurries by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using W–Rh permanent modifier

“…With respect to slurry sampling and ETAAS, a large number of investigations dealing with the analysis of biological tissues 4,[9][10][11][12][13] and inorganic materials 2,6,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20] have demonstrated the analytical benefits of simplifying sample preparation procedures and for avoiding some inconveniences inherent to wet and dry ashing decomposition procedures. Introduction of slurry samples combines the advantages of direct solid sampling (shortening the sample preparation time; reducing risk of sample contamination; reducing risks of analyte losses through volatilisation prior to analysis and/or associated with retention by insoluble residues) and liquid sampling (sampling dispensing by using an autosampler; calibration carried out with aqueous reference solutions).…”

“…Introduction of slurry samples combines the advantages of direct solid sampling (shortening the sample preparation time; reducing risk of sample contamination; reducing risks of analyte losses through volatilisation prior to analysis and/or associated with retention by insoluble residues) and liquid sampling (sampling dispensing by using an autosampler; calibration carried out with aqueous reference solutions). 2,4,6,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The aim of this paper is to show the use of W-Rh permanent modifier for the determination of As in sediments and soils by slurry sampling ETAAS. The main advantages expected when employing the W-Rh modifier, when compared with the conventional Pd + Mg(NO) 3 modifier, such as improvements in the measurement precision, better sample throughput and much longer tube lifetime, are demonstrated.…”

Optimisation of tin determination in aqua regia–HF extracts from sediments by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using experimental design

“…The influence of the different factors and their interactions in Sn determination by ETAAS was checked. Considering the literature 11,12 the following variables were first used to define the experimental field: pyrolysis temperature, atomisation temperature, modifier concentration and modifier injected volume. A full factorial design at two levels, 2 4 , was applied to evaluate the main effects.…”

“…Many organic and inorganic compounds have been proposed as chemical modifiers. The most important ones are ammonia, 5 ammonium dihydrogenphosphate, 6 potassium dichromate and ammonium dihydrogenphosphate, 7 palladiumhydroxylamine hydrochloride, 8 organopalladium complexes, 9 palladium and refractory elements, 10 palladium and magnesium nitrate, 11 iridium and magnesium 12 and ruthenium as a permanent modifier. 13 The high efficiency of palladium modifiers is due to the thermally stable compounds formed with volatile elements that prevent pre-atomisation losses.…”

Atomic Absorption, Atomic Emission, and Flame Emission Spectrometry

“…The analysis of slurries by ETAAS has become routine. Several methods were described, including the determination of Cd in flour (78), Pb (79) and Ni (80) in hair, Se in fish (81), Si in biological tissue (82), Pb, Cd, and Tl in cements (83), Ni and Cr in soil (84), Sn in sediments (85), and several elements in marine sediments (86), graphite powders (87), boron nitride (88), high-purity quartz (89), and zirconium dioxide (90). Cadmium was preconcentrated by its sorption on bacteria and then determined by slurry-ETAAS (91).…”