Determination of the wingsnap sonation mechanism of the Golden-collared manakin (<i>Manacus vitellinus</i>)

Bodony, Daniel J.; Day, Lainy B.; Friscia, Anthony; Fusani, Leonida; Karon, Aharon Z.; Swenson, George W.; Wikelski, Martin; Schlinger, Barney A.

doi:10.1242/jeb.128231

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, no females showed behavior that resembled establishment and defense of a specific court suggesting female aggression was not driven by the motivation to establish a court. In females, snips might function under circumstances unrelated to mate competition, such as part of a distraction display when defending a nest (see Bodony et al 2016). Observations of female behavior in the wild are limited, however they do not appear normally aggressive, so our results were a surprise.…”

Section: Aggressive Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The many notable elements of male GCmanakin social behavior, their creation, maintenance and territoriality around a courtship arena, the performance of their elaborate, acrobatic courtship display and their production of acoustic signals using both syringeal-based (vocal) and forelimb-based (wingsnap) mechanisms, appear to express varying degrees of sexual dimorphism in response to T-activation (Table 1). Previous studies show that both males and females possess a radius morphology unique among birds, and that appears to be the source of the wingsnap sound (Bodony et al 2016). In addition, male and females both possess forelimb muscles that exhibit elevated AR expression (Feng et al 2010) upon which T acts to facilitate the production of wingsnaps (Fuxjager et al 2013).…”

Section: General Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some females did produce rollsnaps, a complex behavior. Presumably, females possess the full androgen-dependent neuromuscular system (and forelimb anatomy, Bodony et al 2016) to achieve this high degree of forelimb neuromuscular speed and accuracy required to produce these behaviors, even when they seldom, if ever, naturally perform this behavior.…”

Section: Courtshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in androgen activation of complex courtship behaviour

Chiver

Schlinger

2017

Animal Behaviour

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Sexual dimorphism is common but evolutionarily labile in vertebrates. While it is well established that gonadal hormones exert considerable influence on the development and expression of sexual traits, studies of animals with exceptional sexually dimorphic neural or neuromuscular phenotypes are limited. We studied the extent to which androgen treatment of female golden-collared manakins (Manacus vitellinus) activates specific elements of the elaborate, acrobatic courtship behavior characteristic of males. After one week, non-breeding females and juvenile males given implants containing testosterone (T) were observed for 3 weeks in an outdoor aviary situated in the middle of Panamanian rainforest. T-treated males performed the full suite of documented masculine courtship behaviors, whereas T-treated females performed only a few of these behaviors and then at much lower rates than males. T-treatment did increase aggressive behavior to a similar degree in both males and females. These results suggest that neuromuscular systems encoding elements of male courtship as well as aggressive behavior experience unique patterns of development from complete to limited to non-existent sexual differentiation. The basis of these patterns represents a unique opportunity for study.

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Section: Aggressive Behaviorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: General Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Courtshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in androgen activation of complex courtship behaviour

Chiver

Schlinger

2017

Animal Behaviour

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“…The golden-collared manakin (Manacus vitellinus) is perhaps the only species in which the production, function and proximate control of sonations have been studied in detail (Fusani, Barske, Day, Fuxjager, & Schlinger, 2014). Golden-collared manakins perform acrobatic displays that incorporate several "snaps" created by wing movements (Bodony et al, 2016;Fusani et al, 2014). Males perform these displays in leks, and females visit the leks to assess males based on the production of the wing snaps and can differentiate individual differences in their performances by tenths to hundredths of milliseconds (Barske, Schlinger, Wikelski, & Fusani, 2011;Fusani, Giordano, Day, & Schlinger, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural responses of male ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus, L.) to playbacks of drumming displays

2018

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Birds use a variety of sounds in their courtship displays, but the majority of behavioural studies have focused on vocalizations. In contrast, little is known about how non‐vocal sounds, or sonations, are used, even though many avian species produce them. The ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) is a useful species to examine non‐vocal sounds because they lack vocal components in their courtship and rely on a non‐vocal sound to attract mates and defend their territory. Their courtship display, known as “drumming,” is created by the wings, and the number of pulses and speed (pulse rate) varies significantly among males. Anecdotal evidence suggested that males can affect the drumming behaviour of neighbouring males in drumming “duels” in an analogous way to song contests. Here, we test whether males do respond to the playback of drumming sounds of an unfamiliar male. Using a portable speaker system, we played recordings of drumming displays to males that were actively drumming themselves. Throughout each playback, we recorded the drumming behaviour of target males so that we could assess whether drumming activity changes following a playback as well as whether males change the speed of their display. Overall, male grouse were equally likely to approach the speaker or continue drumming following a playback. For those males that continued drumming, their drumming pulse rate was significantly faster following playbacks, but they drummed less often. These results indicate that male ruffed grouse do respond to drumming sounds, but the specific response differs among males. Because the differential response was not related to colour phase or whether a male was drumming in proximity to other males, we suggest that the response of individuals likely varies with other traits, such as hormone levels or behavioural syndrome.

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“…Kinematic analyses of this signal indicate that it is produced when males first elevate their wings above their back, and then rapidly retract them. This causes the radii to collide medially above the axial mid-line (Bostwick and Prum, 2003;Fusani et al, 2007b;Fuxjager et al, 2013), generating a loud and characteristic 'snap' sound (Bodony et al, 2016). Females are thought to evaluate this display as a component of mate choice (Barske et al, 2011), which highlights its functional importance to reproduction and suggests that sexual selection for the display drives the evolution of supportive physiological mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromuscular mechanisms of an elaborate wing display in the golden-collared manakin (Manacus vitellinus)

Fuxjager

Fusani

Goller

et al. 2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Many species perform elaborate physical displays to court mates and compete with rivals, but the biomechanical mechanisms underlying such behavior are poorly understood. We address this issue by studying the neuromuscular origins of display behavior in a small tropical passerine bird, the golden-collared manakin (). Males of this species court females by dancing around the forest floor and rapidly snapping their wings together above their back. Using radio-telemetry, we collected electromyographic (EMG) recordings from the three main muscles that control avian forelimb movement, and found how these different muscles are activated to generate various aspects of display behavior. The muscle that raises the wing (supracoracoideus, SC) and the primary muscle that retracts the wing (scapulohumeralis caudalis, SH) were activated during the wing-snap, whereas the pectoralis (PEC), the main wing depressor, was not. SC activation began before wing elevation commenced, with further activation occurring gradually. By contrast, SH activation was swift, starting soon after wing elevation and peaking shortly after the snap. The intensity of this SH activation was comparable to that which occurs during flapping, whereas the SC activation was much lower. Thus, light activation of the SC likely helps position the wings above the back, so that quick, robust SH activation can drive these appendages together to generate the firecracker-like snap sonation. This is one of the first looks at the neuromuscular mechanisms that underlie the actuation of a dynamic courtship display, and it demonstrates that even complex, whole-body display movements can be studied with transmitter-aided EMG techniques.

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Determination of the wingsnap sonation mechanism of the Golden-collared manakin (Manacus vitellinus)

Cited by 17 publications

References 34 publications

Sex differences in androgen activation of complex courtship behaviour

Sex differences in androgen activation of complex courtship behaviour

Behavioural responses of male ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus, L.) to playbacks of drumming displays

Neuromuscular mechanisms of an elaborate wing display in the golden-collared manakin (Manacus vitellinus)

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