Determination of the vapor pressures of moth sex pheromone components by a gas chromatographic method

Olsson, Anders; Jönsson, Jan Åke; Thelin, Bernt; Liljefors, Tommy

doi:10.1007/bf00988456

Cited by 41 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Hirooka and Suwanai (1976) list saturated concentrations of 7.0 • 10 -5 /~mol/ cm 3 for 12Ac and 2.8 x 10 -5 #mol/cm 3 for 14Ac. Olsson et al (1983) found the saturated vapor pressure for Z-7 : 12Ac to be 0.562 Pa. This can be converted to Saturated vapor concentration by applying the Ideal Gas Law, PV = nRT: for 1 Pa = 0.987 x 10 .5 atm, 1 atm = 1.01 x 105 newton/m 2, and R = 8.31 newton m/~ the saturated vapor concentration at T = 290~ (= 20~ is 2.30 • 10 -4/zmol/cm 3 (1 x 10 -3-64 #mol/cm3).…”

Section: General Comparisons Of Pheromone Concentrations In Plumes Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative comparison of behavioral and neurophysiological responses of insects to odorants

1987

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A consistent pattern of relationships emerges from comparisons of insect electroantennograms, peripheral olfactory receptor neuron responses, and behavioral responses to quantified concentrations of odorants. One consistency is that all of the different response measurements can be described by stimulus-response curves of the same form. Another is that the responses have characteristic groupings when they are plotted against odorant concentration. The pattern of relationships is exemplified in the responses ofTrichoplusia ni (Hübner),Heliothis zea (Boddie), andPlodia interpunctella (Hübner) to several pheromone components and analogs. To quantify the relevant stimulus parameters for the response comparisons, the emission rates of the stimulus delivery system were calibrated for several 12 to 17-carbon pheromone components. The stimulus-response relationships determined forT. ni, H. zea, andP. interpunctella are combined with relationships reported for other insects in the literature, and applications are discussed for the interpretation of pheromone trapping and laboratory bioassays.

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Section: General Comparisons Of Pheromone Concentrations In Plumes Emmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative comparison of behavioral and neurophysiological responses of insects to odorants

1987

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“…The same argument would hold true for the Z-isomers with double bonds close to the terminal end. The higher activity of the analogues E l l -and E6-14:OAc compared to the true pheromone 14:OAc could partly be due to the higher volatility of unsaturated relative to saturated compounds (Olsson et al, 1983). Higher volatility results in a larger number of molecules released from the stimulus device used in this study (unpublished results).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Behavioural and electrophysiological activity of unsaturated analogues of the pheromone tetradecyl acetate in the small ermine moth Yponomeuta rorellus

Löfstedt

Hansson

Dijkerman

et al. 1990

Physiological Entomology

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In field‐trapping experiments the unsaturated analogues (E)‐6‐, (E)‐12‐, and (Z)‐12‐tetradecenyl acetate were as attractive to male Yponomeuta rorellus Latr. as the native pheromone component tetradecyl acetate. All four analogues attracted more males than virgin females did, whereas (Z)‐6‐, (E)‐11‐, (Z)‐10‐ and (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate were essentially non‐attractive. Addition of 1–30% of (Z)‐11‐tetradecenyl acetate to the pheromone tetradecyl acetate reduced the attraction to less than 2%. Flight tunnel experiments with Y. rorellus confirmed the activity of the (E)‐6‐ and (E)‐12‐tetradecenyl acetates and demonstrated the activity of (E)‐7‐tetradecenyl acetate as well. These analogues elicited orientation behaviour, upwind flight and landing at the odour source as frequently as the native pheromone did. Single sensillum recordings from male Y. rorellus showed two types of cells in most sensilla. A large spike amplitude cell was stimulated by tetradecyl acetate and the unsaturated analogues (E)‐11‐, (E)‐6‐ and (E)‐12‐tetradecenyl acetate, and to a lower extent by the (Z)‐6‐, (Z)‐11‐ and (Z)‐12‐isomers. A cell with medium spike amplitude was stimulated by (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl and (Z)‐11‐hexadecenyl acetate. Some sensilla contained a third cell firing with a small spike amplitude which was activated by (Z)‐11‐tetradecenol. Thus the tetradecyl acetate receptor was stimulated not only by the behaviourally active analogues, but also by behavioural antagonists. The interaction of (E)‐11‐tetra‐decenyl acetate and tetradecyl acetate with the same antennal receptor cell was also demonstrated in Y.cagnagellus. Electrophysiological discrimination between behavioural attractants and antagonists and the role of behavioural antagonists in the interspecific relations between Y.rorellus and sympatric closely related species are discussed.

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“…Using the table and formula of Schlessinger (1971), saturated hydrocarbons of 24 and 25 carbons have vapour pressures at 15 °C that range from 3·2E‐6 to 8·9E‐7 mmHg, which is from 1275 to 4580 times less volatile than 14‐carbon tetradecanal (used by three species). The compound Z9‐14:Ac is used by 199 species and is between 39 and 142 times more volatile (Olsson et al . 1983) than 24:Hy and 25:Hy at 15 °C, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using the table and formula of Schlessinger (1971), saturated hydrocarbons of 24 and 25 carbons have vapour pressures at 15 °C that range from 3·2E-6 to 8·9E-7 mmHg, which is from 1275 to 4580 times less volatile than 14-carbon tetradecanal (used by three species). The compound Z9-14:Ac is used by 199 species and is between 39 and 142 times more volatile (Olsson et al 1983) than 24:Hy and 25:Hy at 15 °C, respectively. Given that females of many moth species produce pheromone amounts in nanograms (Baker 1989), the males of lymantriid species would need to be more sensitive to minute quantities of 24:Hy and 25:Hy, or be attracted over shorter distances, than most other species using more volatile pheromone components.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pheromone component patterns of moth evolution revealed by computer analysis of the Pherolist

Byers¹

2006

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Summary1. The Pherolist internet site listing moth sex pheromone components reported in the literature was downloaded and processed by a  program into a database with 2931 combinations of 377 unique chemical names of sex pheromone attractants used by 1572 moth species in 619 genera and 49 families. Names of pheromone compounds were analysed for aliphatic chain length, unsaturation position, geometric configuration, functional group (aldehyde, alcohol, acetate, epoxide, methyl-branched and hydrocarbon) and number of instances such combinations are used by species and families. 2. The analyses revealed pheromone blends of species ranged from one to eight components (45% species with one component, 36% two, 12% three, 5% four, 1% five, ≤ 0·5% for ≥ six). The numbers of different components of various chain lengths and functional groups, the numbers of instances such compounds are used by species and the numbers of species using such compounds are presented. 3. The average number of pheromone components per species increased as the number of species in a family increased based on linear regression of components in the 10 largest families, with species numbers ranging from 19 to 461. Pooling the four largest families gave a mean of 1·96 components per species that was significantly greater than the mean of the next 14 smaller families (1·63). Because related species in a large family would need more communication channels, this suggests that these species on average evolved to produce and detect more components in their pheromone blends to achieve a unique communication channel than was needed by species in smaller families. 4. Speciation in moths would entail evolutionary changes in both pheromone biosynthetic and sensory systems that avoided competition for communication channels of existing species. Regression analysis indicated that the more species in a family the more unique pheromone components, but the increase diminishes progressively. This suggests that, as the number of components increases with species number in a family, new species are more likely to evolve a unique blend comprising a communication channel from among existing components of the family.

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Determination of the vapor pressures of moth sex pheromone components by a gas chromatographic method

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Quantitative comparison of behavioral and neurophysiological responses of insects to odorants

Quantitative comparison of behavioral and neurophysiological responses of insects to odorants

Behavioural and electrophysiological activity of unsaturated analogues of the pheromone tetradecyl acetate in the small ermine moth Yponomeuta rorellus

Pheromone component patterns of moth evolution revealed by computer analysis of the Pherolist

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