Determination of the Three-Dimensional Magnetic Field Vector Orientation with Nitrogen Vacany Centers in Diamond

Abstract

Absolute knowledge about the magnetic field orientation plays a crucial role in single spin based quantum magnetometry as well as its application toward spin-based quantum computation. In this paper, we reconstruct the 3D orientation of an arbitrary static magnetic field with the help of individual nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. We determine both, the polar and the azimuthal angle of the magnetic field orientation relative to the diamond lattice. To do so, we use information from the photoluminescence anisotropy of the NV center, as well as from a simple pulsed Optically 1 arXiv:1910.03889v2 [quant-ph] 19 Nov 2019 Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) experiment. Our nanoscopic magnetic field determination is generally applicable and does not rely on special prerequisites such as strongly coupled nuclear spins or a special controllable magnetic field. Hence, our presented results open up new paths for precise NMR reconstructions and the modulation of the electron-electron spin interaction in EPR measurements by specifically tailored magnetic fields.

Calibration-Free Vector Magnetometry Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond Integrated with Optical Vortex Beam

“…Note that, there's still a rotational symmetry of 180 • in the azimuth angle, which can be easily broken by using a simple static magnetic field. 29 Fig. 2 shows the final result including polar angle θ and azimuth angle ϕ of the NV centers, where all four patterns match well with experiment.…”

“…Recently another optical calibration method is also developed by continuously changing the polarization of the pumping laser. 29 It is because that the photoluminescence of NV center depends on the overlap between the polarization of the laser and the orientation of the NV center. 30 However, both these two calibration methods are time-consuming, preventing a real-time application of vector magnetometry based on NV centers.…”

One decade of quantum optimal control in the chopped random basis

“…QOC methods relying on the gradient information to obtain optimized pulses for state transformations and gate synthesis by means of open-loop optimization have been applied in experiments with NV centres to perform quantum simulation in a solid-state spin register [186], high fidelity entanglement [12], and quantum error correction [11]. Generally, the application of QOC in various essential quantum information processing tasks, such as high dynamic-range magnetometry via the phase estimation protocol [187], and determination of magnetic field vector orientation [188], will be vital for quantum technologies based on NV centres.…”

Preparations and applications of single color centers in diamond

“…Based on the ODMR technology, NV-based magnetometer has achieved broad bandwidth (up to 100 kHz) [93], high frequency (GHz) [94,95] and high sensitivity (~ pT/√Hz) [46] magnetic field detection, and it has the capacity to determine the direction of an arbitrary static magnetic field in three-dimensional space [96]. All of the above advantages stimulated numerous applications about NV-based magnetometer, including the studies of cytology [97,98], meteoritics [99], paleomagnetism [100,101].…”