Determination of the surface characteristics of particulate fillers by inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution: a critical approach

Fekete, Erika; Móczó, János; Pukánszky, Béla

doi:10.1016/s0021-9797(03)00719-7

Cited by 71 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Since this interaction is strongly influenced by the sample preparation (i.e. grinding) and the measurement conditions, the determined surface characteristics are not material constants (Fekete, Móczó, & Pukánszky, 2004). However, under standard conditions, the surface modifying effect of the different treatments on a certain sample can be determined reliably by IGC (Belgacem, Blayo, & Gardini, 1996).…”

Section: Surface Energeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size on the surface properties and morphology of ground flax

Csiszár

Fekete

Tóth

et al. 2013

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Flax fibers were ground with a ball-mill and four fractions with different size ranges were collected by sieving. These were tested for water sorption, degree of polymerization (DP), copper number, hydroxyl number and analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Significant differences were found between the properties of the flax fiber and those of the ground versions, including fragmentation of fibers, increase of water sorption, copper number, hydroxyl number and surface O/C ratio, and decrease of DP, crystallite size and dispersive component of surface energy ( s d ). Some parameters depended on the particle size: O/C ratio and hydroxyl number had local maxima at 315-630 μm, while  s d increased steadily with the decrease of particle size. These relationships were explained by fiber disintegration, destruction of waxy surface layer, exposure of cellulosic components, increase of surface area and crystalline imperfections.

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Section: Surface Energeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of particle size on the surface properties and morphology of ground flax

Csiszár

Fekete

Tóth

et al. 2013

Carbohydrate Polymers

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“…Monolayer coating can be determined also from the change of surface tension with coverage. Surface tension decreases quite steeply with increasing coverage to a minimum, than slightly increases as a double layer of surfactant forms on the surface of the filler [29,32]. The dispersion component of the surface tension of the filler is A CaCO 3 filler is used for comparison again.…”

Section: Surface Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the properties of PLA/CaSO4 composites: homogeneity and interactions

Molnár

Móczó

Murariu

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Composites were prepared from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a natural CaSO4 filler to study the developed structure and the interaction of the components. The filler was characterized very thoroughly by several techniques and the results indicated that the filler contains a considerable amount of small particles with size much below the volume average size of 4.4 μm. The presence of these small particles did not result in inhomogeneity, considerable extent of aggregation was not observed in the composites. The filler was coated with stearic acid to modify interactions and optimum coverage corresponded to the amount estimated from the specific surface area of the filler. Mechanical properties changed only slightly with increasing amounts of the uncoated filler, but coating resulted in a drastic change of tensile properties and deformation behavior. Considerable plastic flow was observed around filler particles on the fracture surface of broken specimens. The quantitative estimation of interfacial interactions and their comparison to existing data proved that the interaction of PLA and CaSO4 corresponds to values observed in other mineral filled polymers. On the other hand, the reinforcing effect of the coated filler is extremely poor indicating almost zero interaction. Additional experiments proved that considerable amount of stearic acid dissolves in PLA and plasticizes the polymer. Stearic acid seems to desorb also from the surface of the filler, dissolve in the polymer and modify matrix properties.

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“…[27,28] The required amount (1.5 mmol) of carboxylic acid (acetic C2, butyric C4, valeric C5, capric C10, and stearic C18) was added to a suspension of 50 g VP1018 in 50 mL of toluene and the mixture was stirred for 30 min at room temperature. The slurry was centrifuged and the supernatant liquid decanted.…”

Section: Filler Surface Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

Osman

Atallah

2007

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Micron‐sized CaCO3 particles free of milling additives were coated with a monolayer of aliphatic carboxylic acids of different chain length (C2, C4, C5, C10, and C18). CaCO3 was compounded with LDPE at different loading, and the tensile properties of the composites were measured and correlated to the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the particles' surface. SEM indicated that the particles are well dispersed (no agglomerates). The inclusions show little influence on the polymer crystallization, and the filler surface treatment leads to a slight decrease in polymer crystallinity that grows with increasing chain length of the fatty acid. The tensile modulus, yield stress, and maximum stress increase with increasing filler volume fraction ϕ, and the dependence is a function of the length of the alkyl chains tethered to the CaCO3 surface. It seems that the interphase thickness and properties depend on the alkyl chain length and strongly influence the modulus and stresses measured. With increasing chain length in the coated organic layer, the interfacial adhesion between the inclusions and the polymer matrix decreases, and the fibril formation increases. The tensile properties are the result of a superimposition of all these effects. The yield and ultimate strains are dominated by the interfacial slippage (increases with growing alkyl chain length) that leads to debonding at high deformations. Surface treatment of CaCO3 with valeric acid leads to the maximum possible tensile modulus, yield stress, and tensile strength combined with a relatively small loss in yield and ultimate strain.magnified image

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Determination of the surface characteristics of particulate fillers by inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution: a critical approach

Cited by 71 publications

References 30 publications

Effect of particle size on the surface properties and morphology of ground flax

Effect of particle size on the surface properties and morphology of ground flax

Factors affecting the properties of PLA/CaSO4 composites: homogeneity and interactions

Surfactant Chain Length and Tensile Properties of Calcium Carbonate‐Polyethylene Composites

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