Determination of the solid–water distribution coefficient (Kd) for pharmaceuticals, estrogens and musk fragrances in digested sludge

Carballa, Marta; Fink, Guido; Omil, F.; Lema, Juan M.; Ternes, Thomas A.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.012

Cited by 271 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Log K ow values for E1, E2, E3, and EE2 of 3.13, 4.01, 2.45, and 3.67, respectively, have been previously reported (Kuster et al 2004(Kuster et al , 2005. A function relationship between organic carbon (K oc ) partition coefficients and octanol-water (K ow ) coefficients has also been reported (Means et al 1982), although surface characteristics of the solid and the transformation of the log K oc values of E2, E3, and EE2 were one order of magnitude smaller (3.30-3.69, 2.23-2.50, and 3.31-4.16 for E2, E3, and EE2) (Lai et al 2000;Clara et al 2004;Carballa et al 2008). A possible explanation is that E2 and EE2 particulates were adsorbed on suspended solids and transformed to E1, with the relatively longer sewers entering WWTPs in Beijing providing enough reaction time.…”

Section: Levels Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtp Influent and Effluentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Zhou

Zha

Wang

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Concern over steroid estrogens has increased rapidly in recent years due to their adverse health effects. Effluent discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the main pollutant source for environmental water. To understand the pollutant level and fate of steroid estrogens in WWTPs, the occurrence of estrone (E1), 17-β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and 17-β-ethinylestradiol (EE2) was investigated in the Gaobeidian WWTP in Beijing, China. Water samples from influent as well as effluent from second sedimentation tanks and advanced treatment processes were taken monthly during 2006 to 2007. In influent, steroid estrogen concentrations varied from 11.6 to 1.1× 10 2 ng/l, 3.7 to 1.4×10 2 ng/l, no detection (nd) to 7.6×10 2 ng/l and nd to 3.3×10 2 ng/l for E1, E2, E3, and EE2, respectively. Compared with documented values, the higher steroid estrogen concentrations in the WWTP influent may be due to higher population density, higher birthrate, less dilution, and different sampling time. Results revealed that a municipal WWTP with an activated sludge system incorporating anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic processes could eliminate natural and synthetic estrogens effectively. The mean elimination efficiencies were 83.2%, 96.4%, 98.8%, and 93.0% for E1, E2, E3, and EE2, respectively. The major removal mechanism for natural estrogens and synthetic estrogen EE2 were biodegradation and sorption on the basis of mass balance in water, suspension particles, and sludge. In the WWTP effluent, however, the highest concentrations of E1, E2, E3, and EE2 attained were 74.2, 3.9, 5.1, and 4.6 ng/l, respectively. This is concerning as residual steroid estrogens in WWTP effluent could lead to pollution of the receiving water. Advanced flocculation treatment was applied in the WWTP and transformed the residual estrogen conjugates to free species, which were reduced further by filtration with removal shifting from 32% to 57% for natural estrogen, although no EE2 was removed.

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Section: Levels Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtp Influent and Effluentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Zhou

Zha

Wang

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Sorption is negligible for substances with log K D values less than 2, but is large when the log K D value is greater than 4 (Clara et al, 2005). The reported Log K D values of estrogens like Estrone, 17β-Estradiol and 17 α-Ethinylestradiol ranged from 2.2 to 2.8 (Carballa et al, 2008) and 2.0 to 2.84 (Ternes et al, 2004), respectively. Since these log K D values are between 2 and 4, sorption can be suitable as a removal mechanism.…”

Section: Activated Carbon (Ac)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment options for wastewater effluents from pharmaceutical companies

Deegan

Basha

Nolan

et al. 2011

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

274

125

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“…Concerns over pharmaceuticals as environmental contaminants have increased in recent years [1][2][3][4][5]. Due to their continuous use by society, these substances are emitted into the environment continuously [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of compound properties and sediment characteristics on the sorption behaviour of pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems

Al-Khazrajy

Boxall

2016

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Sorption is a key factor in determining the persistence, attenuation and bioavailability of sediment-associated contaminants. However, our understanding of the sorption behaviour of pharmaceuticals in sediments is poor. In this study, we investigated the sorption behaviour of a diverse set of pharmaceuticals in a range sediment types. Sorption affinity of pharmaceuticals for all sediments was found to increase in the order mefenamic acid < cimetidine < atenolol < amitriptyline < diltiazem. Comparison of the experimental observations with predictions from an existing model for estimating sorption revealed the model worked poorly for the study pharmaceuticals. Multiple linear regression analysis was therefore used to develop new models for estimating sorption of individual pharmaceuticals based on sediment properties. The analyses indicated that sorption is related to properties such as Log Dow of a compound in the the sediment (lipophilicity corrected for the sediment pH), cation exchange capacity, clay%, organic carbon content and exchangeable Ca 2+ , although, with the exception of atenolol, robust relationships between sediment properties and sorption were not obtained. Overall, the results demonstrate how complex the processes are that drive the sorption of pharmaceuticals in sediments and highlight the need for generation of further experimental data and further model development work.

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Determination of the solid–water distribution coefficient (Kd) for pharmaceuticals, estrogens and musk fragrances in digested sludge

Cited by 271 publications

References 33 publications

Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Treatment options for wastewater effluents from pharmaceutical companies

Impacts of compound properties and sediment characteristics on the sorption behaviour of pharmaceuticals in aquatic systems

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