“…In the case of continuum models, numerical homogenization is based on computationally averaging the generated microstructural stress and deformation over a representative volume element (RVE), thereby implicitly (i.e., not in closed-form) establishing an effective, mesoscopic constitutive relation between the average stress and deformation. Over the past two decades, various approaches have been developed along this line, see for example [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. These approaches rely on a local periodicity of the microstructure in the direct neighborhood of the RVE, but do not impose periodicity over the complete macroscopic structure under consideration (i.e., global periodicity is not required).…”